Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers have attracted considerable attention as tools for targeted molecular recognition. This chapter describes advances in aptamer technology in the field of neurological diseases. Aptamers possess certain advantages over antibodies, such as stability, production scale, method and time, chemical fabrication, and costs. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the nervous system. A combination of these aptamers with other therapeutics payload might improve the overall treatment efficacy of glioblastoma cells significantly. Thrombolysis-related hemorrhage is one of the major obstacles in the development of stroke treatments, because new therapeutics needs to be immediately reversible in case of hemorrhage occurrence. Parkinson disease is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system, mainly affecting the motor neuron system. Alzheimer disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is accountable for more than 80% of all cases of dementia in the elderly. Myasthenia gravis is a disease that interferes with the signal transduction between neurons and muscle cells.