Abstract
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Australia has had a slow start and—while gaining momentum—continues to lag behind international trends and developments. This chapter seeks to describe the state, and characterise the nature of CSR ‘Down Under’, offering explanations for the somewhat lacklustre approach by business and government to operationalise and regulate CSR, respectively. Answers provided, based on select industry examples, will point to Australia’s political economy of CSR and prevalent ideologies among corporate and political decision-makers as drivers of a kind of CSR that is largely reactive and based on economic legitimacy.