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F2.2 Small permanent freshwater lakes
Book chapter   Open access   Peer reviewed

F2.2 Small permanent freshwater lakes

Richard Kingsford, Belinda J Robson, Ralph MacNally, L Jackson, F Essl, M Kelly-Quinn, K Irvine, Stefan Bertilsson and David Keith
The IUCN global Ecosystem Typology 2.0: Descriptive profiles for biomes and ecosystem functional groups, p.112
IUCN
2020
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Abstract

Freshwater ecology Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems
Small permanent freshwater lakes, pools or ponds are lentic environments with relatively high perimeter-to-surface area and surface-area-to-volume ratios. Most are <1 km2 in area, but this functional group includes lakes of transitional sizes up to 100 km2, while the largest lakes (>100 km2) are classified in F2.1. Niche diversity increases with lake size. Although less diverse than larger lakes, these lakes may support phytoplankton, zooplankton, shallowwater macrophytes, invertebrates, sedentary and migratory fish, reptiles, waterbirds, and mammals.

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