Since the second half of the twentieth century, non-human animals (hereinafter referred to as animals) have been widely used as models for researching human disorders. Historically, this occurred for two main reasons: a) animals are complex living systems; and b) it is considered less ethically-contentious as well as easier, quicker, and cheaper to use animals than humans. Their benefit for biomedical advancement is assumed even though systematic evaluations, though uncommon, suggest otherwise. It is crucial to evaluate whether animal-based biomedical research successfully benefits medical research— even through indirect pathways— or if it is being used merely to justify further animal-based
Details
Title
Is Animal-based Biomedical Research Being Used in Its Original Context?
Authors/Creators
Constança Carvalho
Daniel Alves
Andrew Knight
Luis Vicente
Contributors
Kathrin Herrmann (Editor)
Kimberley Jayne (Editor)
Publication Details
Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change, pp.376-390