Abstract
This chapter addresses the serious problem of water contamination and the need for efficient purification techniques while offering a thorough overview of water cleansing with the application of nanotechnology. The function of nanotechnology is thoroughly examined, emphasizing the various kind of nanoparticles used for water treatment, like silver, metal-oxide nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials. The distinct qualities and efficacy of each type in eliminating contaminants are evaluated. The chapter goes into additional depth about the mechanisms by which these nanoparticles work, including antibacterial action against infections, photocatalytic destruction, and adsorption. Methods for eliminating viruses and heavy metals are also covered to show how adaptable nanotechnology is in dealing with a variety of pollutants. Furthermore, real-world uses of nanotechnology in the filtration of drinking water are examined, along with an examination of the present obstacles and constraints. Overall, this chapter underscores the potential of nanotechnology to revolutionize water purification processes while also recognizing the need for ongoing research to overcome existing barriers.