Abstract
Injections administered into the muscle and the subcutaneous tissue are two common routes of drug administration for reptiles. Owing to the limited arsenal of drugs that are registered for use in reptiles, it can be tempting to obtain medicines from compounding pharmacists. Fungal infections in reptiles occur most commonly on the skin. The chapter presents some empirical antibiotic choices for a selection of common reptile. The most extensively studied antivirals in reptiles are all purine analogues and they have been associated with varying degrees of success in treating herpesvirus infections in tortoises. The majority of antiparasitics used in reptiles for internal helminths are administered orally and these include the benzimidazoles and the macrocyclic lactones. There are insufficient data to be able to recommend the use of corticosteroids as anti‐inflammatories and analgesics, and similarly, the efficacy of other analgesics such amantadine, gabapentin, ketamine and alpha‐2 agonists has not been properly substantiated.