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Terrestrial ecohydrology in an era of transformational change
Book chapter   Open access

Terrestrial ecohydrology in an era of transformational change

Irena F. Creed, Bradford P. Wilcox, Heidi Asbjornsen, Lixin Wang and Keith R. Smettem
Routledge Handbook of Terrestrial Ecohydrology, pp.567-584
Routledge as part of the Taylor and Francis Group, 1st
2026
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Open Access CC BY-NC-ND V4.0

Abstract

Terrestrial ecohydrology is central to understanding and managing today’s rapid environmental change. This chapter distils this book’s insights around one overarching reality—transformational change—and three cross-cutting themes: non-linear behaviour (including thresholds and tipping points), connectivity, and spatial heterogeneity and scaling. Transformational change arises when disturbance or management rewires the partitioning of rainfall among interception, infiltration, storage, runoff, and return to the atmosphere, with consequences that propagate from plots to regions. Non-linear behaviour emerges as feedbacks among vegetation, water, and energy concentrate stress; thresholds are crossed when buffering stores in trees, soils, weathered bedrock, and shallow aquifers are exhausted; resilience reflects the recoverable “headroom” in those stores. Connectivity governs the routing of water, sediment, energy, and nutrients—from canopy to soil, through subsurface stores and channels, and into the atmosphere—thereby determining who gets water, in what amounts, and when. Spatial heterogeneity sets the scales at which processes operate, and reliable inference depends on matching those process scales with model resolution and measurement footprints and reporting outcomes as probability distributions rather than single values. We close by offering practical design rules and monitoring portfolios, and by posing open questions that link local interventions to regional, downstream, and downwind benefits in water security, heat mitigation, and ecosystem stability.

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