Abstract
Vehicles-to-Everything (V2X) communications enable real-time data exchange between vehicles and their surroundings, with the aim of improving traffic flow and enhancing road safety. Within this framework, Vehicles-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication specifically facilitates interactions between vehicles and roadside infrastructure components. Given the diversity of communications present in V2I ecosystems and their differing data quality (DQ) requirements, the simultaneous dissemination of safety and non-safety V2I messages with these varying DQ requirements poses a significant challenge. The IEEE 1609.4 MAC offers a multi-channel operation to address this challenge. However, due to the limited 100ms time slot shared equally between the service channel (SCH) and control channel (CCH), supporting high-frequency safety awareness messages on CCH while managing large packet size non-safety messages results in performance degradation in a shared IEEE 802.11p radio environment. In this study, we present a multi-channel application-aware framework that extends traditional architectures by decoupling periodic safety-critical communications via direct access to CCH and data-intensive non-safety-critical communications powered by IoT application layer protocol (ALPs). Furthermore, alternative transport protocols (QUIC and SCTP) were evaluated as underlying transport for IoT ALPs against Legacy TCP and UDP. Latency, packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, inter-arrival time, and connection establishment time were measured in simulation studies. The results showed that ultra-low latency is achieved on the CCH, while QUIC transport-powered IoT ALPs efficiently manage data-intensive payload on SCH.