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Journal article
Advancements in vanadium redox flow battery electrolytes: Additive effects and future research directions
Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, Vol.240, 117162
2026
Abstract
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), a rechargeable type of battery, have gained interest for energy storage due to their energy efficiency, low cross-contamination risk, simple control, high safety, low maintenance costs, flexible design, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness. VRFB studies have focused on addressing the low energy density and thermal instability of traditional electrolytes-hurdles that must be overcome to achieve widespread global adoption. By meeting these technical benchmarks, VRFBs can become a primary, cost-competitive solution for long-duration grid stability. Mixed acid electrolytes have shown promise in enhancing energy efficiency and charge/discharge capacities due to increased solubility for vanadium ions. However, high concentrations of these mixed acids increase the battery system's corrosion risk. Inorganic and organic compounds as additives have been tested as stabilisers for VRFB electrolytes, with some showing limited potential in practical applications. This paper reviews publications on VRFB electrolytes to critically analyse additives' effects on VRFB electrolyte stability, energy density and electrochemical performance. This paper thus summarises the precipitation mechanism associated with the thermal stability of VRFB electrolytes, the effect of various additives in inhibiting this mechanism, and the effect of additives on the electrochemical activities of the electrolyte. Finally, a summary of potential research areas for additives that could be investigated to improve VRFB electrolytes is presented.
Details
- Title
- Advancements in vanadium redox flow battery electrolytes: Additive effects and future research directions
- Authors/Creators
- Gideon M.K. Gbedemah - Murdoch UniversityTouma B. Issa - Murdoch UniversityPritam Singh - Murdoch UniversityJonovan Van Yken - Murdoch UniversityAleksandar N. Nikoloski - Murdoch University
- Publication Details
- Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, Vol.240, 117162
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd.
- Grant note
- Murdoch University (501100001799)
- Identifiers
- 991005896974907891
- Copyright
- © 2026 The Authors.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Engineering and Energy; School of Information Technology; Centre for Water, Energy and Waste
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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