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Alkali-Assisted Extraction of Date Seeds for Stabilizing Bioactive-Rich Oil-in-Water Emulsions
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Alkali-Assisted Extraction of Date Seeds for Stabilizing Bioactive-Rich Oil-in-Water Emulsions

Anuj Niroula, Alreem Alkhyeli, Fatima Abdulsamad, Ahmad Rabbani, Costas Stathopoulos and Akmal Nazir
ACS food science & technology, Vol.5(2), pp.640-652
2025
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CC BY V4.0 Open Access

Abstract

Food Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Science & Technology
Date seeds are the major byproduct of the date palm industry, posing both environmental and economic concerns. Therefore, this study aimed to valorize date seeds through alkali-assisted extraction for stabilizing bioactive-rich oil-in-water emulsions. Using an I-optimal design, the effects of pH (7-11), temperature (30-50 degrees C), date seed concentration (DSC) (5-25%), and extraction time (30-150 min) on total polyphenol content (TPC) and the Sauter mean droplet diameter (D[3,2]) of emulsions were optimized. Results showed that alkali-assisted extraction significantly increased the TPC and minimized D[3,2], with the optimal conditions being pH 8.5, 50 degrees C, 5% DSC, and 30 min extraction time. At these conditions, submicron emulsions were achieved, which were highly stable at mildly acidic pH (6-7) over 3 weeks but exhibited reduced stability at lower pH (<6) and increasing salt concentrations. These findings demonstrate that date seeds are a promising, sustainable resource for natural emulsifiers, capable of stabilizing emulsions with extended shelf life.

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This output has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#3 Good Health and Well-Being

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