Journal article
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from food and environmental sources in Western Australia
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Vol.52(3), pp.411-415
2018
Abstract
We recently reported a high prevalence of Clostridium difficile in retail vegetables, compost and lawn in Western Australia (WA). The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of previously isolated food and environmental C. difficile isolates of WA. A total of 274 C. difficile isolates from vegetables, compost and lawn were tested for susceptibility to a panel of 10 antimicrobial agents (fidaxomicin, vancomycin, metronidazole, rifaximin, clindamycin, erythromycin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, moxifloxacin, meropenem and tetracycline) using an agar incorporation method. Fidaxomicin was the most potent agent (MIC50/MIC90, 0.06/0.12 mg/L). Resistance to fidaxomicin and metronidazole was not detected, and resistance against vancomycin (0.7%) and moxifloxacin (0.7%) was low. However, 37.6% of isolates showed resistance to at least one agent and multidrug resistance was observed in 3.9% of the resistant isolates, all of which came from compost. A significantly greater proportion of compost isolates were resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin and tetracycline compared to food and/or lawn isolates. C. difficile RT 014/020 showed more clindamycin resistance than other less common RTs (Chi-square p = 0.008). Contaminated vegetables, compost and lawn could be playing an intermediary role in the transmission of C. difficile from animals to humans. Environmental strains of C. difficile could also function as a reservoir for antimicrobial resistance genes of clinical relevance. This study provides a baseline for future surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in environmental C. difficile in Australia.
Details
- Title
- Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from food and environmental sources in Western Australia
- Authors/Creators
- S-C Lim (Author/Creator)G.O. Androga (Author/Creator)D.R. Knight (Author/Creator)P. Moono (Author/Creator)N.F. Foster (Author/Creator)T.V. Riley (Author/Creator)
- Publication Details
- International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Vol.52(3), pp.411-415
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Identifiers
- 991005541801007891
- Copyright
- © 2018 Elsevier B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
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- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.120 Inflammatory Bowel Diseases & Infections
- 1.120.1133 Clostridium Infections
- Web Of Science research areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy
- ESI research areas
- Pharmacology & Toxicology