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Balancing the Equation: A Natural History of Trimethylamine and Trimethylamine-N-oxide
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Balancing the Equation: A Natural History of Trimethylamine and Trimethylamine-N-oxide

R.L. Loo, Q. Chan, J.K. Nicholson and E. Holmes
Journal of Proteome Research, Vol.21(3), pp.560-589
2022
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Abstract

Trimethylamine (TMA) and its N-oxide (TMAO) are ubiquitous in prokaryote and eukaryote organisms as well as in the environment, reflecting their fundamental importance in evolutionary biology, and their diverse biochemical functions. Both metabolites have multiple biological roles including cell-signaling. Much attention has focused on the significance of serum and urinary TMAO in cardiovascular disease risk, yet this is only one of the many facets of a deeper TMA–TMAO partnership that reflects the significance of these metabolites in multiple biological processes spanning animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi. We report on analytical methods for measuring TMA and TMAO and attempt to critically synthesize and map the global functions of TMA and TMAO in a systems biology framework.

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1.120 Inflammatory Bowel Diseases & Infections
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Biology & Biochemistry
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