Circadian Variation in Human Milk Hormones and Macronutrients

Majed A. Suwaydi; Ching Tat Lai; Alethea Rea; Zoya Gridneva; Sharon L. Perrella; Mary E. Wlodek; Donna T. Geddes

doi:10.3390/nu15173729

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Circadian Variation in Human Milk Hormones and Macronutrients

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Hormones and Macronutrients

Majed A. Suwaydi, Ching Tat Lai, Alethea Rea, Zoya Gridneva, Sharon L. Perrella, Mary E. Wlodek and Donna T. Geddes

Nutrients, Vol.15(17), 3729

2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173729

PMID: 37686759

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Abstract

There is an inadequate understanding of the daily variations in hormones and macronutrients in human milk (HM), and sample collection protocols vary considerably from study to study. To investigate changes in these milk components across 24 h, 22 lactating women collected small milk samples before and after each breastfeed or expression from each breast. Test weighing was used to determine the volume of HM consumed in each feed. The concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, insulin, fat, and glucose were measured, and the intakes were calculated. A linear mixed model was fitted to assess within-feed and circadian variation in HM feed volume and concentration, and intakes of several components. The average infant intake of HM was 879 g/24 h. Significantly higher pre-feed concentrations were found for adiponectin and glucose and lower post-feed concentrations were found for insulin and fat. Significant circadian rhythms were displayed for leptin, adiponectin, insulin, glucose (both concentration and intake), fat concentration, and milk volume. These findings demonstrate the necessity for setting up standardised and rigorous sampling procedures that consider both within-feed and circadian variations in HM components to gain a more precise understanding of the impacts of these components on infant health, growth and development.

Details

Title: Circadian Variation in Human Milk Hormones and Macronutrients
Authors/Creators: Majed A. Suwaydi - The University of Western Australia
Ching Tat Lai - The University of Western Australia
Alethea Rea - Murdoch University, Centre for Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Sustainability
Zoya Gridneva - The University of Western Australia
Sharon L. Perrella - The University of Western Australia
Mary E. Wlodek - The University of Western Australia
Donna T. Geddes
Publication Details: Nutrients, Vol.15(17), 3729
Publisher: MDPI
Grant note: Medela AG, Switzerland Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
Identifiers: 991005605569407891
Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Mathematics, Statistics, Chemistry and Physics
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 1 Clinical & Life Sciences; 1.72 Obstetrics & Gynecology; 1.72.891 Breastfeeding
Web Of Science research areas: Nutrition & Dietetics
ESI research areas: Agricultural Sciences