Classes and phyla of the kingdom Fungi

Nalin N. Wijayawardene; Kevin D. Hyde; Kirill V. Mikhailov; Gábor Péter; André Aptroot; Carmen L. A. Pires-Zottarelli; Bruno T. Goto; Yuri S. Tokarev; Danny Haelewaters; Samantha C. Karunarathna; Paul M. Kirk; André L. C. M. de A. Santiago; Ramesh K. Saxena; Nathan Schoutteten; Madhara K. Wimalasena; Vladimir V. Aleoshin; Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi; Kahandawa G. S. U. Ariyawansa; Amanda R. Assunção; Hans-Otto Baral; Thushara C. Bamunuarachchige; D. Jayarama Bhat; Janusz Błaszkowski; Teun Boekhout; Nattawut Boonyuen; Michael Brysch-Herzberg; Bin Cao; Jonathan Cazabonne; Xue-Mei Chen; Claudia Coleine; Dong-Qin Dai; Heide-Marie Daniel; Suzana B. G. da Silva; Francisco Adriano de Souza; Somayeh Dolatabadi; Manish K. Dubey; Arun K. Dutta; Aseni Ediriweera; Eleonora Egidi; Mostafa S. Elshahed; Xinlei Fan; Juliana R. B. Felix; Mahesh C. A. Galappaththi; Marizeth Groenewald; Li-Su Han; Bo Huang; Vedprakash G. Hurdeal; Anastasia N. Ignatieva; Gustavo H. Jerônimo; Ana L. de Jesus; Serhii Kondratyuk; Jaturong Kumla; Martin Kukwa; Qirui Li; Juliana L. R. Lima; Xiao-Yong Liu; Wenhua Lu; H. Thorsten Lumbsch; Hugo Madrid; Franco Magurno; Guy Marson; Eric H. C. McKenzie; Audrius Menkis; Armin Mešić; Elaine C. R. Nascimento; Elena S. Nassonova; Yong Nie; Naasson V. L. Oliveira; Emilia A. Ossowska; Julia Pawłowska; Ursula Peintner; Igor R. Pozdnyakov; Bhagya M. Premarathne; A. K. Hasith Priyashantha; C. Alisha Quandt; Mariana B. Queiroz; Kunhiraman C. Rajeshkumar; Mubashar Raza; Niranjan Roy; Milan C. Samarakoon; Alessandra A. Santos; Lidiane A. Santos; Felix Schumm; Laura Selbmann; Faruk Selçuk; D. Rabern Simmons; Anastasia V. Simakova; Maudy Th Smith; Onden Paraparath Sruthi; Nakarin Suwannarach; Kazuaki Tanaka; Saowaluck Tibpromma; Elias O. Tomás; Merve Ulukapı; Nicolas Van Vooren; Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe; Evi Weber; Qianzhen Wu; Er Fu Yang; Ryuichi Yoshioka

doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00540-z

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Classes and phyla of the kingdom Fungi

Nalin N. Wijayawardene, Kevin D. Hyde, Kirill V. Mikhailov, Gábor Péter, André Aptroot, Carmen L. A. Pires-Zottarelli, Bruno T. Goto, Yuri S. Tokarev, Danny Haelewaters, Samantha C. Karunarathna, …

Fungal diversity, Vol.128, pp.1-165

2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-024-00540-z

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Abstract

Fungi are one of the most diverse groups of organisms with an estimated number of species in the range of 2–3 million. The higher-level ranking of fungi has been discussed in the framework of molecular phylogenetics since Hibbett et al., and the definition and the higher ranks (e.g., phyla) of the ‘true fungi’ have been revised in several subsequent publications. Rapid accumulation of novel genomic data and the advancements in phylogenetics now facilitate a robust and precise foundation for the higher-level classification within the kingdom. This study provides an updated classification of the kingdom Fungi , drawing upon a comprehensive phylogenomic analysis of Holomycota , with which we outline well-supported nodes of the fungal tree and explore more contentious groupings. We accept 19 phyla of Fungi, viz . Aphelidiomycota , Ascomycota , Basidiobolomycota , Basidiomycota , Blastocladiomycota , Calcarisporiellomycota , Chytridiomycota , Entomophthoromycota , Entorrhizomycota , Glomeromycota , Kickxellomycota , Monoblepharomycota , Mortierellomycota , Mucoromycota , Neocallimastigomycota , Olpidiomycota , Rozellomycota , Sanchytriomycota, and Zoopagomycota . In the phylogenies, Caulochytriomycota resides in Chytridiomycota ; thus, the former is regarded as a synonym of the latter, while Caulochytriomycetes is viewed as a class in Chytridiomycota . We provide a description of each phylum followed by its classes. A new subphylum, Sanchytriomycotina Karpov is introduced as the only subphylum in Sanchytriomycota . The subclass Pneumocystomycetidae Kirk et al. in Pneumocystomycetes , Ascomycota is invalid and thus validated. Placements of fossil fungi in phyla and classes are also discussed, providing examples.

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Title: Classes and phyla of the kingdom Fungi
Authors/Creators: Nalin N. Wijayawardene
Kevin D. Hyde
Kirill V. Mikhailov
Gábor Péter
André Aptroot
Carmen L. A. Pires-Zottarelli
Bruno T. Goto
Yuri S. Tokarev
Danny Haelewaters
Samantha C. Karunarathna - Qujing Normal University
Paul M. Kirk
André L. C. M. de A. Santiago
Ramesh K. Saxena
Nathan Schoutteten
Madhara K. Wimalasena
Vladimir V. Aleoshin
Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi
Kahandawa G. S. U. Ariyawansa
Amanda R. Assunção
Hans-Otto Baral
Thushara C. Bamunuarachchige
D. Jayarama Bhat
Janusz Błaszkowski
Teun Boekhout - Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
Nattawut Boonyuen
Michael Brysch-Herzberg
Bin Cao
Jonathan Cazabonne
Xue-Mei Chen
Claudia Coleine
Dong-Qin Dai - Qujing Normal University
Heide-Marie Daniel
Suzana B. G. da Silva
Francisco Adriano de Souza
Somayeh Dolatabadi
Manish K. Dubey
Arun K. Dutta - Gauhati University
Aseni Ediriweera - Kunming Institute of Botany
Eleonora Egidi - Western Sydney University
Mostafa S. Elshahed
Xinlei Fan
Juliana R. B. Felix
Mahesh C. A. Galappaththi - Murdoch University
Marizeth Groenewald
Li-Su Han
Bo Huang
Vedprakash G. Hurdeal
Anastasia N. Ignatieva
Gustavo H. Jerônimo
Ana L. de Jesus
Serhii Kondratyuk
Jaturong Kumla
Martin Kukwa
Qirui Li
Juliana L. R. Lima
Xiao-Yong Liu
Wenhua Lu - Chiang Mai University
H. Thorsten Lumbsch
Hugo Madrid
Franco Magurno
Guy Marson
Eric H. C. McKenzie
Audrius Menkis
Armin Mešić
Elaine C. R. Nascimento
Elena S. Nassonova
Yong Nie
Naasson V. L. Oliveira
Emilia A. Ossowska
Julia Pawłowska
Ursula Peintner
Igor R. Pozdnyakov
Bhagya M. Premarathne - National Institute of Fundamental Studies
A. K. Hasith Priyashantha - Chiang Mai University
C. Alisha Quandt
Mariana B. Queiroz
Kunhiraman C. Rajeshkumar
Mubashar Raza
Niranjan Roy
Milan C. Samarakoon
Alessandra A. Santos
Lidiane A. Santos
Felix Schumm
Laura Selbmann
Faruk Selçuk
D. Rabern Simmons
Anastasia V. Simakova
Maudy Th Smith
Onden Paraparath Sruthi
Nakarin Suwannarach - Chiang Mai University
Kazuaki Tanaka
Saowaluck Tibpromma - Qujing Normal University
Elias O. Tomás
Merve Ulukapı
Nicolas Van Vooren
Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe
Evi Weber
Qianzhen Wu
Er Fu Yang
Ryuichi Yoshioka
Publication Details: Fungal diversity, Vol.128, pp.1-165
Publisher: Springer
Identifiers: 991005710869607891
Murdoch Affiliation: Harry Butler Institute
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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