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Competitive solvation and complexation of Cu(I), Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), and Ag(I) in aqueous ethanol, acetonitrile, and dimethylsulfoxide solutions containing chloride ion with applications to hydrometallurgy
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Competitive solvation and complexation of Cu(I), Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), and Ag(I) in aqueous ethanol, acetonitrile, and dimethylsulfoxide solutions containing chloride ion with applications to hydrometallurgy

G. Senanayake and D.M. Muir
Metallurgical Transactions B, Vol.21(3), pp.439-448
1990
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02667855
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Abstract

The changes in reduction potential and single ion activity of Cu(I), Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), and Ag(I) have been measured in a range of aqueous ethanol (EtOH), acetonitrile (AN), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) compositions containing excess chloride ion. The results are compared with changes in such solutions in the absence of chloride ion and with the changes in strong brines and rationalized in terms of the various competitive ion-solvent and ion-chloride interactions. Organic solvents are shown to generally enhance chloride ion activity and promote complex ion formation. But AN is a stronger ligand for Cu(I) and DMSO is a stronger ligand for Cu(II) and Zn(II) than is Cl - or the other solvents. The decrease in metal ion activity in mixed aqueous solvents containing Cl - is greater than that in concentrated aqueous chloride salt solutions, according to the strength of the chloro- or solvo-complex. These fundamental changes lead to applications in the extraction of metal ion complexes and promote the dissolution of AgCl, PbCl 2, and CuCl in aqueous DMSO containing Cl -.

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