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Open Access CC BY-NC-ND V4.0
Journal article
Decoding the human CD4 + T cell epitope repertoire for Lassa fever virus reveals T cell-based pan-mammarenavirus vaccine candidates
Cell reports. Medicine, In Press
2026
PMID: 42161271
Abstract
Mammarenaviruses are classified into Old World and New World viruses (Old World arenaviruses [OWAs] and New World arenaviruses [NWAs]). Characterization of antigens recognized by human T cells is essential for identifying immunodominant targets, informing vaccine design, and performing immunological assessments. Here, we select the Lassa virus (LASV) as a prototype OWA to map the human CD4 T cell epitope repertoire. We then calculate conservation in different LASV lineages and other representative OWAs and NWAs and define conserved T cell epitope regions (CTERs) using Lassa as the OWA prototype and Junin as the NWA prototype. We show that these CTERs are able to broadly cross-recognize other OWA or NWA sequences. We validate our findings in humans immunized with an experimental glycoprotein complex (GPC) LASV vaccine or infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus (LCMV), as well as in the mouse model immunized with a stabilized GPC vaccine candidate. Our results on mammarenavirus-specific T cell immunity contribute to guiding the development of next-generation mammarenavirus vaccines.
Details
- Title
- Decoding the human CD4 + T cell epitope repertoire for Lassa fever virus reveals T cell-based pan-mammarenavirus vaccine candidates
- Authors/Creators
- Yeji Lee - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLeila Siddiqui - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyAlison Tarke - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyMargaret Kim - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyTanner Michaelis - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyMariah Macias - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyElizabeth Phillips - Murdoch UniversitySimon Mallal - Murdoch UniversityRaphael Trevizani - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyApril Frazier - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyRichard H Scheuermann - J. Craig Venter InstituteAbril Zuniga - J. Craig Venter InstituteChristian Zmasek - J. Craig Venter InstituteKevin Spurgers - Emergent BioSolutions (United States)Gideon Akintunde - Emergent BioSolutions (United States)Spencer W Stonier - Emergent BioSolutions (United States)Talita Bianca Gagliardi - Emergent BioSolutions (United States)Kelly Warfield - Emergent BioSolutions (United States)Haoyang Li - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyKathryn M Hastie - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyErica Ollmann Saphire - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyGene S Tan - J. Craig Venter InstituteAlba Grifoni - La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyAlessandro Sette - La Jolla Institute for Immunology
- Publication Details
- Cell reports. Medicine, In Press
- Identifiers
- 991005884843707891
- Copyright
- © 2026 The Author(s).
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Research and Innovation Office; Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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