Development of a LoRaWAN IoT Node with Ion-Selective Electrode Soil Nitrate Sensors for Precision Agriculture

Noel Bristow; Saravanan Rengaraj; David R. Chadwick; Jeff Kettle; Davey L. Jones

doi:10.3390/s22239100

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Development of a LoRaWAN IoT Node with Ion-Selective Electrode Soil Nitrate Sensors for Precision Agriculture

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Development of a LoRaWAN IoT Node with Ion-Selective Electrode Soil Nitrate Sensors for Precision Agriculture

Noel Bristow, Saravanan Rengaraj, David R. Chadwick, Jeff Kettle and Davey L. Jones

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), Vol.22(23), 9100

2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239100

PMID: 36501798

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Abstract

Chemistry

Chemistry, Analytical

Engineering

Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Instruments & Instrumentation

Physical Sciences

Science & Technology

Technology

Crop productivity is highly dependent on the availability of soluble nitrogen (N), e.g. nitrate, in soil. When N levels are low, fertilisers are applied to replenish the soil's reserves. Typically the timing of these applications is based on paper-based guidance and sensor-based measurements of canopy greenness, which provides an indirect measure of soil N status. However this approach often means that N fertiliser is applied inappropriately or too late, resulting in excess N being lost to the environment, or too little N to meet crop demand. To promote greater N use efficiency and improve agricultural sustainability, we developed an Internet of Things (IoT) approach for the real-time measurement of soil nitrate levels using ion-selective membrane sensors in combination with digital soil moisture probes. The node incorporates state-of-the-art IoT connectivity using a LoRaWAN transceiver. The sensing platform can transfer real-time data via a cloud-connected gateway for processing and storage. In summary, we present a validated soil sensor system for real-time monitoring of soil nitrate concentrations, which can support fertiliser management decisions, improve N use efficiency and reduce N losses to the environment.

Details

Title: Development of a LoRaWAN IoT Node with Ion-Selective Electrode Soil Nitrate Sensors for Precision Agriculture
Authors/Creators: Noel Bristow - Bangor University
Saravanan Rengaraj - Bangor University
David R. Chadwick - Bangor University
Jeff Kettle - University of Glasgow
Davey L. Jones - Bangor University
Publication Details: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), Vol.22(23), 9100
Publisher: MDPI
Number of pages: 15
Grant note: 81133 / Solar Photovoltaic Academic Research Consortium II (SPARC II) project - WEFO BB/P004539/1 / UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council under the SARIC program
Identifiers: 991005560337107891
Murdoch Affiliation: Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 2 Chemistry; 2.59 Pigments, Sensors & Probes; 2.59.684 Ion-Selective Electrodes
Web Of Science research areas: Chemistry, Analytical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
ESI research areas: Chemistry