Journal article
Diffusion and relaxation edited Proton NMR Spectroscopy of plasma reveals a High-Fidelity supramolecular biomarker signature of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Analytical Chemistry, Vol.93(8), pp.3976-3986
2021
Abstract
We have applied nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy based plasma phenotyping to reveal diagnostic molecular signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection via combined diffusional and relaxation editing (DIRE). We compared plasma from healthy age-matched controls (n = 26) with SARS-CoV-2 negative non-hospitalized respiratory patients and hospitalized respiratory patients (n = 23 and 11 respectively) with SARS-CoV-2 rRT-PCR positive respiratory patients (n = 17, with longitudinal sampling time-points). DIRE data were modelled using principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (O-PLS-DA), with statistical cross-validation indices indicating excellent model generalization for the classification of SARS-CoV-2 positivity for all comparator groups (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve = 1). DIRE spectra show biomarker signal combinations conferred by differential concentrations of metabolites with selected molecular mobility properties. These comprise the following: (a) composite N-acetyl signals from α-1-acid glycoprotein and other glycoproteins (designated GlycA and GlycB) that were elevated in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients [p = 2.52 × 10–10 (GlycA) and 1.25 × 10–9 (GlycB) vs controls], (b) two diagnostic supramolecular phospholipid composite signals that were identified (SPC-A and SPC-B) from the –+N–(CH3)3 choline headgroups of lysophosphatidylcholines carried on plasma glycoproteins and from phospholipids in high-density lipoprotein subfractions (SPC-A) together with a phospholipid component of low-density lipoprotein (SPC–B). The integrals of the summed SPC signals (SPCtotal) were reduced in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients relative to both controls (p = 1.40 × 10–7) and SARS-CoV-2 negative patients (p = 4.52 × 10–8) but were not significantly different between controls and SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. The identity of the SPC signal components was determined using one and two dimensional diffusional, relaxation, and statistical spectroscopic experiments. The SPCtotal/GlycA ratios were also significantly different for control versus SARS-CoV-2 positive patients (p = 1.23 × 10–10) and for SARS-CoV-2 negatives versus positives (p = 1.60 × 10–9). Thus, plasma SPCtotal and SPCtotal/GlycA are proposed as sensitive molecular markers for SARS-CoV-2 positivity that could effectively augment current COVID-19 diagnostics and may have value in functional assessment of the disease recovery process in patients with long-term symptoms.
Details
- Title
- Diffusion and relaxation edited Proton NMR Spectroscopy of plasma reveals a High-Fidelity supramolecular biomarker signature of SARS-CoV-2 infection
- Authors/Creators
- S. Lodge (Author/Creator)P. Nitschke (Author/Creator)T. Kimhofer (Author/Creator)J. Wist (Author/Creator)S-H Bong (Author/Creator)R.L. Loo (Author/Creator)R. Masuda (Author/Creator)S. Begum (Author/Creator)T. Richards (Author/Creator)J.C. Lindon (Author/Creator)W. Bermel (Author/Creator)T. Reinsperger (Author/Creator)H. Schaefer (Author/Creator)M. Spraul (Author/Creator)E. Holmes (Author/Creator)J.K. Nicholson (Author/Creator)
- Publication Details
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol.93(8), pp.3976-3986
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society
- Identifiers
- 991005544657407891
- Copyright
- © 2021 The Authors.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Australian National Phenome Centre; Health Futures Institute
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Industry collaboration
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 2 Chemistry
- 2.211 Mass Spectrometry
- 2.211.990 Metabolomics
- Web Of Science research areas
- Chemistry, Analytical
- ESI research areas
- Chemistry