Effects of 2 modes of positive pressure ventilation on respiratory mechanics and gas exchange in foals

Sharanne L Raidal; Mel Catanchin; Muriel Sacks; Ann Carstens; Chris Quinn; Martina Mosing

doi:10.1111/jvim.16651

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Effects of 2 modes of positive pressure ventilation on respiratory mechanics and gas exchange in foals

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Effects of 2 modes of positive pressure ventilation on respiratory mechanics and gas exchange in foals

Sharanne L Raidal, Mel Catanchin, Muriel Sacks, Ann Carstens, Chris Quinn and Martina Mosing

Journal of veterinary internal medicine, Vol.37(3), pp.1233-1242

2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16651

PMID: 37051768

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Abstract

computed tomography

equine critical care

bi-level positive airway pressure (bi-PAP)

neonatology

noninvasive ventilation (NIV)

pressure support ventilation (PSV)

respiratory support

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

equine respiratory physiology

respiratory insufficiency

Background: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and pressure support ventilation (PSV) can improve respiratory mechanics and gas exchange, but different airway pressures have not been compared in foals. Hypothesis/objectives: Assess the effect of different airway pressures during CPAP and PSV have on respiratory function in healthy foals with pharmacologically induced respiratory insufficiency. We hypothesized that increased airway pressures would improve respiratory mechanics and increased positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) would be associated with hypercapnia. Animals: Six healthy foals from a university teaching herd. Methods: A prospective, 2-phase, 2-treatment, randomized cross-over study design was used to evaluate sequential interventions in sedated foals using 2 protocols (CPAP and PSV). Outcome measures included arterial blood gases, spirometry, volumetric capnography, lung volume and aeration assessed using computed tomography (CT). Results: Sedation and dorsal recumbency were associated with significant reductions in arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2 ), respiratory rate, and tidal volume. Continuous positive airway pressure was associated with improved PaO2 , without concurrent hypercapnia. Volumetric capnography identified improved ventilation:perfusion (V/Q) matching and increased carbon dioxide elimination during ventilation, and spirometry identified decreased respiratory rate and increased tidal volume. Peak inspiratory pressure was moderately associated with PaO2 and lung volume. Improved pulmonary aeration was evident in CT images, and lung volume was increased, particularly during CPAP. Conclusions and clinical importance: Both CPAP and PSV improved lung mechanics and gas exchange in healthy foals with induced respiratory insufficiency.

Details

Title: Effects of 2 modes of positive pressure ventilation on respiratory mechanics and gas exchange in foals
Authors/Creators: Sharanne L Raidal - Charles Sturt University
Mel Catanchin - Charles Sturt University
Muriel Sacks - Murdoch University
Ann Carstens - Charles Sturt University
Chris Quinn - Charles Sturt University
Martina Mosing - Murdoch University, Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems
Publication Details: Journal of veterinary internal medicine, Vol.37(3), pp.1233-1242
Publisher: Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine
Grant note: PRJ-011159 / Agrifutures Australia
Identifiers: 991005581070107891
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration
Citation topics: 1 Clinical & Life Sciences; 1.154 Assisted Ventilation; 1.154.277 Mechanical Ventilation
Web Of Science research areas: Veterinary Sciences
ESI research areas: Plant & Animal Science