Effects of formulation on the palatability and efficacy of In-Feed Praziquantel medications for Marine Finfish Aquaculture

E.K.Y. Tang; G.J. Partridge; L.D. Woolley; L. Pilmer; L.Y. Lim

doi:10.3390/md20050323

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Effects of formulation on the palatability and efficacy of In-Feed Praziquantel medications for Marine Finfish Aquaculture

Journal article

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Peer reviewed

Effects of formulation on the palatability and efficacy of In-Feed Praziquantel medications for Marine Finfish Aquaculture

E.K.Y. Tang, G.J. Partridge, L.D. Woolley, L. Pilmer and L.Y. Lim

Marine Drugs, Vol.20(5), Art. 323

2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/md20050323

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Abstract

Praziquantel (PZQ) provides an effective treatment against monogenean parasitic infestations in finfish. However, its use as an in-feed treatment is challenging due to palatability issues. In this study, five formulations of PZQ beads (1–4 mm) were developed using marine-based polymers, with allicin added as a flavouring agent. All formulations attained PZQ loading rates ≥74% w/w, and the beads were successfully incorporated into fish feed pellets at an active dietary inclusion level of 10 g/kg. When tested for palatability and digestibility in small yellowtail kingfish, the PZQ-loaded beads produced with alginate-chitosan, alginate-Cremophor® RH40, and agar as carriers resulted in high consumption rates of 99–100% with no digesta or evidence of beads in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of fish fed with diets containing either formulation. Two formulations produced using chitosan-based carriers resulted in lower consumption rates of 68–75%, with undigested and partly digested beads found in the fish GIT 3 h post feeding. The PZQ-loaded alginate-chitosan and agar beads also showed good palatability in large (≥2 kg) yellowtail kingfish infected with gill parasites and were efficacious in removing the parasites from the fish, achieving >90% reduction in mean abundance relative to control fish (p < 0.001). The two effective formulations were stable upon storage at ambient temperature for up to 18 months, showing residual drug content >90% compared with baseline levels. Overall, the palatability, efficacy and stability data collected from this study suggest that these two PZQ particulate formulations have potential applications as in-feed anti-parasitic medications for the yellowtail kingfish farming industry.

Details

Title: Effects of formulation on the palatability and efficacy of In-Feed Praziquantel medications for Marine Finfish Aquaculture
Authors/Creators: E.K.Y. Tang (Author/Creator) - The University of Western Australia
G.J. Partridge (Author/Creator) - Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development
L.D. Woolley (Author/Creator) - Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development
L. Pilmer (Author/Creator) - Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development
L.Y. Lim (Author/Creator) - The University of Western Australia
Publication Details: Marine Drugs, Vol.20(5), Art. 323
Publisher: MDPI
Identifiers: 991005542447907891
Copyright: © 2022 The Authors.
Murdoch Affiliation: Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration
Citation topics: 1 Clinical & Life Sciences; 1.163 Parasitology - General; 1.163.645 Fish Parasitology
Web Of Science research areas: Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
ESI research areas: Pharmacology & Toxicology