Journal article
Ergogenic effects of precooling with cold water immersion and ice ingestion: A meta-analysis
European Journal of Sport Science, Vol.18(2), pp.170-181
2018
Abstract
This review evaluated the effects of precooling via cold water immersion (CWI) and ingestion of ice slurry/slushy or crushed ice (ICE) on endurance performance measures (e.g. time-to-exhaustion and time trials) and psychophysiological parameters (core [Tcore] and skin [Tskin] temperatures, whole body sweat [WBS] response, heart rate [HR], thermal sensation [TS], and perceived exertion [RPE]). Twenty-two studies were included in the meta-analysis based on the following criteria: (i) cooling was performed before exercise with ICE or CWI; (ii) exercise longer than 6 min was performed in ambient temperature ≥26°C; and (iii) crossover study design with a non-cooling passive control condition. CWI improved performance measures (weighted average effect size in Hedges’ g [95% confidence interval] + 0.53 [0.28; 0.77]) and resulted in greater increase (ΔEX) in Tskin (+4.15 [3.1; 5.21]) during exercise, while lower peak Tcore (−0.93 [−1.18; −0.67]), WBS (−0.74 [−1.18; −0.3]), and TS (−0.5 [−0.8; −0.19]) were observed without concomitant changes in ΔEX-Tcore (+0.19 [−0.22; 0.6]), peak Tskin (−0.67 [−1.52; 0.18]), peak HR (−0.14 [−0.38; 0.11]), and RPE (−0.14 [−0.39; 0.12]). ICE had no clear effect on performance measures (+0.2 [−0.07; 0.46]) but resulted in greater ΔEX-Tcore (+1.02 [0.59; 1.45]) and ΔEX-Tskin (+0.34 [0.02; 0.67]) without concomitant changes in peak Tcore (−0.1 [−0.48; 0.28]), peak Tskin (+0.1 [−0.22; 0.41]), peak HR (+0.08 [−0.19; 0.35]), WBS (−0.12 [−0.42; 0.18]), TS (−0.2 [−0.49; 0.1]), and RPE (−0.01 [−0.33; 0.31]). From both ergogenic and thermoregulatory perspectives, CWI may be more effective than ICE as a precooling treatment prior to exercise in the heat.
Details
- Title
- Ergogenic effects of precooling with cold water immersion and ice ingestion: A meta-analysis
- Authors/Creators
- H.C. Choo (Author/Creator) - Edith Cowan UniversityK. Nosaka (Author/Creator) - Edith Cowan UniversityJ.J. Peiffer (Author/Creator) - Murdoch UniversityM. Ihsan (Author/Creator) - Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine HospitalC.R. Abbiss (Author/Creator) - Edith Cowan University
- Publication Details
- European Journal of Sport Science, Vol.18(2), pp.170-181
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Identifiers
- 991005542693807891
- Copyright
- © 2017 European College of Sport Science
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.172 Sports Science
- 1.172.823 Thermoregulation
- Web Of Science research areas
- Sport Sciences
- ESI research areas
- Clinical Medicine