Abstract
Distinguishing between root and non-root derived CO(2) efflux is important when determining rates of soil organic matter turnover, however, in practice they remain difficult to separate. Our aim was to evaluate two methods for determining the component of below-ground respiration not dependent on plant roots (i.e., basal soil respiration: R(b)). The first approach estimated R(b) indirectly from the y-intercept of linear regressions between below-ground respiration (BGR) and root biomass. The second approach involved direct measurements of soil respiration from bare plots. To compare the contrasting approaches, BGR and crop biomass measurements were collected throughout the year in a range of agricultural systems. We found that both methods were very closely correlated with each other. Values of R(b) determined by the intercept approach, however, were slightly higher than those determined by measurement of bare plots. Both approaches showed a seasonal trend with estimates of R(b) lowest in winter months at 0.02 t C ha(-1) month(-1) for the y-intercept approach and 0.11 t C ha(-1) month(-1) for the bare plots approach, even after the data had been corrected for the influence of soil temperature. Highest rates of R(b) occurred from the height to the end of the crop growing season (0.8-1.5 t C ha(-1) month(-1)). The annual CO(2) efflux due to R(b) was estimated to be 8.1 t C ha(-1) y(-1) from the y-intercept approach and 6.8 t C ha(-1) y(-1) from bare plots. Annual BGR was 12.1 t C ha(-1) y(-1). We conclude that both methods provide similar estimates of R(b), however, logistically the bare plots approach is much easier to undertake than the y-intercept approach.
