Evaluation of D-limonene and β-ocimene as attractants of Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Aonidiella aurantii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Citrus spp.

K. Mohammed; M. Agarwal; B. Li; J. Newman; T. Liu; Y. Ren

doi:10.3390/insects11010044

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Evaluation of D-limonene and β-ocimene as attractants of Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Aonidiella aurantii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Citrus spp.

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Evaluation of D-limonene and β-ocimene as attractants of Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Aonidiella aurantii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Citrus spp.

K. Mohammed, M. Agarwal, B. Li, J. Newman, T. Liu and Y. Ren

Insects, Vol.11(1), Article 44

2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11010044

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Abstract

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from herbivore-infested plants can be used as chemical signals by parasitoids during host location. In this research, we investigated the VOC chemical signals for the parasitoid Aphytis melinus to discriminate between Aonidiella aurantii (California red scale)-infested fruit and non-infested fruit on three different citrus species. First, we identified the chemical stimuli emanating from non-infested and A. aurantii-infested citrus fruits via solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses and identified 34 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The GC-MS analysis showed qualitative and quantitative differences between VOCs emitted from non-infested and infested citrus fruit. Two VOCs, d-limonene and β-ocimene, were significantly increased in all infested fruit, regardless of the fruit species. The response of the female adult A. melinus to olfactory cues associated with A. aurantii infested fruit was evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer. In two-choice behavioural assays, A. melinus females preferred infested citrus cues over non-infested fruit. Females showed positive chemotaxis toward these VOCs in all tested combinations involving two dosages of synthetic compounds, d-limonene and β-ocimene, except for d-limonene at a dosage of 10 μL/mL. The application of these VOCs may help to enhance the effectiveness of bio-control programs and parasitoid mass-rearing techniques.

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Title: Evaluation of D-limonene and β-ocimene as attractants of Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Aonidiella aurantii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on Citrus spp.
Authors/Creators: K. Mohammed (Author/Creator) - University of Mosul
M. Agarwal (Author/Creator) - Murdoch University
B. Li (Author/Creator) - Kansas State University
J. Newman (Author/Creator) - Murdoch University
T. Liu (Author/Creator) - Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine
Y. Ren (Author/Creator) - Murdoch University
Publication Details: Insects, Vol.11(1), Article 44
Publisher: MDPI
Identifiers: 991005541420407891
Copyright: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Murdoch Affiliation: College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 3 Agriculture, Environment & Ecology; 3.32 Entomology; 3.32.54 Insect-Plant Interactions
Web Of Science research areas: Entomology
ESI research areas: Plant & Animal Science