Journal article
Evaluation of intravenous fluorescein in intradermal allergy testing in psittacines
Veterinary dermatology, Vol.14(6), pp.323-332
Received 2 January 2003; accepted 30 May 2003
2003
PMID: 14678444
Abstract
This study was designed to improve the clinical feasibility of intradermal skin testing of psittacine birds using intravenous fluorescein stain. Twenty-five healthy, anaesthetized Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) were injected intravenously with 10 mg kg−1 fluorescein–sodium 1% followed by intradermal injections of 0.02 mL phosphate-buffered saline, histamine phosphate (1:100 000 w/v) and codeine phosphate (1:100 000 w/v) at the sternal apteria. Wheal diameters of reaction sites were measured grossly and under illumination with a Wood's lamp after 5 and 10 min. Fluorescence-enhanced injection sites were scored between 0 and 2, with 0 equivalent to normal skin and 2 equivalent to a plucked feather follicle. The presence of a fluorescent halo around intradermal injections was also recorded. Under Wood's light illumination at 10 min, histamine and saline were evaluated as positive and negative controls, respectively, based on a positive test having a halo and a score of 2. Sensitivity and specificity were each 76% for halo, 84 and 42% for score and 64 and 77% for combination of score and halo, respectively. Further, mean histamine reactions were significantly larger than codeine phosphate and saline (8.8 ± 0.4 mm; 7.2 ± 0.3 mm; 5.9 ± 0.6 mm); however, this finding was not consistent in individual birds. Wheal size, halo presence and score were affected by site location independent from the injected compound. Intravenous fluorescein improved the readability of avian skin tests; however, the compounds tested raised inconsistent reactions in wheal size, score or halo presence. The compound-independent site effect raises concern on the validity of avian skin testing and warrants investigation of other techniques such as in vitro allergy testing. Based on our findings, intradermal allergy testing in psittacines with or without fluorescein is unreliable and cannot be recommended for practical clinical use.
Details
- Title
- Evaluation of intravenous fluorescein in intradermal allergy testing in psittacines
- Authors/Creators
- Claudia S. Nett - Louisiana State UniversityGiselle Hosgood - Louisiana State UniversityJ. Jill Heatley - Auburn UniversityCarol S. Foil - Louisiana State UniversityThomas N. Tully Jr - Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
- Publication Details
- Veterinary dermatology, Vol.14(6), pp.323-332
- Publisher
- Blackwell Publishing Ltd
- Edition
- Received 2 January 2003; accepted 30 May 2003
- Number of pages
- 10
- Identifiers
- 991005592647807891
- Copyright
- © 2003 European Society of Veterinary Dermatology
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Veterinary Medicine
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Citation topics
- 3 Agriculture, Environment & Ecology
- 3.232 Veterinary Sciences
- 3.232.1120 Veterinary Oncology
- Web Of Science research areas
- Dermatology
- Veterinary Sciences
- ESI research areas
- Plant & Animal Science