Journal article
Food provisioning increases the risk of injury in a long-lived marine top predator
Royal Society Open Science, Vol.3(12)
2016
Abstract
Food provisioning of wildlife is a major concern for management and conservation agencies worldwide because it encourages unnatural behaviours in wild animals and increases each individual’s risk for injury and death. Here we investigate the contributing factors and potential fitness consequences of a recent increase in the frequency of human interactions with common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Sarasota Bay, Florida. A rising proportion of the local long-term resident dolphin community is becoming conditioned to human interactions through direct and indirect food provisioning. We investigate variables that are affecting conditioning and if the presence of human-induced injuries is higher for conditioned versus unconditioned dolphins. Using the most comprehensive long-term dataset available for a free-ranging bottlenose dolphin population (more than 45 years; more than 32 000 dolphin group sightings; more than 1100 individuals), we found that the association with already conditioned animals strongly affected the probability of dolphins becoming conditioned to human interactions, confirming earlier findings that conditioning is partly a learned behaviour. More importantly, we found that conditioned dolphins were more likely to be injured by human interactions when compared with unconditioned animals. This is alarming, as conditioning could lead to a decrease in survival, which could have population-level consequences.We did not find a significant relationship between human exposure or natural prey availability and the probability of dolphins becoming conditioned. This could be due to low sample size or insufficient spatio-temporal resolution in the available data. Our findings show that wildlife provisioning may lead to a decrease in survival, which could ultimately affect population dynamics.
Details
- Title
- Food provisioning increases the risk of injury in a long-lived marine top predator
- Authors/Creators
- F. Christiansen (Author/Creator) - Murdoch UniversityK.A. McHugh (Author/Creator) - Chicago Zoological SocietyL. Bejder (Author/Creator) - Murdoch UniversityE.M. Siegal (Author/Creator) - University of AberdeenD. Lusseau (Author/Creator) - University of AberdeenE.B. McCabe (Author/Creator)G. Lovewell (Author/Creator) - Mote Marine LaboratoryR.S. Wells (Author/Creator) - Chicago Zoological Society
- Publication Details
- Royal Society Open Science, Vol.3(12)
- Publisher
- Royal Society
- Identifiers
- 991005544709607891
- Copyright
- © 2016 The Authors
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 3 Agriculture, Environment & Ecology
- 3.35 Zoology & Animal Ecology
- 3.35.796 Marine Mammal Ecology
- Web Of Science research areas
- Zoology
- ESI research areas
- Plant & Animal Science