Journal article
Frequencies of resistance to Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and rifampicin in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Vol.32(2), pp.170-173
2008
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the frequencies at which single-step mutants resistant to tea tree oil and rifampicin occurred amongst the Gram-positive organisms Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis. For tea tree oil, resistance frequencies were very low at <10-9. Single-step mutants resistant to tea tree oil were undetectable at two times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S. aureus RN4220 and derivative mutator strains or at 3× MIC for the remaining S. aureus strains, including a clinical meticillin-resistant S. aureus isolate. Similarly, no mutants were recovered at 2× MIC for S. epidermidis or at 1× MIC for E. faecalis. Resistance frequencies determined in vitro for rifampicin (8× MIC) ranged from 10-7 to 10-8 for all isolates, with the exception of the S. aureus mutator strains, which had slightly higher frequencies. These data suggest that Gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococcus and Enterococcus spp. have very low frequencies of resistance to tea tree oil.
Details
- Title
- Frequencies of resistance to Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and rifampicin in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis
- Authors/Creators
- K.A. Hammer (Author/Creator)C.F. Carson (Author/Creator)T.V. Riley (Author/Creator)
- Publication Details
- International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Vol.32(2), pp.170-173
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Identifiers
- 991005540686307891
- Copyright
- © 2008 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Murdoch University
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Citation topics
- 3 Agriculture, Environment & Ecology
- 3.16 Phytochemicals
- 3.16.314 Essential Oil
- Web Of Science research areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy
- ESI research areas
- Pharmacology & Toxicology