Global Scale Dissemination of ST93: A Divergent Staphylococcus aureus Epidemic Lineage That Has Recently Emerged From Remote Northern Australia

S.J. van Hal; E.J. Steinig; P. Andersson; M.T.G. Holden; S.R. Harris; G.R. Nimmo; D.A. Williamson; H. Heffernan; S.R. Ritchie; A.M. Kearns; M.J. Ellington; E. Dickson; H. de Lencastre; G.W. Coombs; S.D. Bentley; J. Parkhill; D.C. Holt; P.M. Giffard; S.Y.C. Tong

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01453

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Global Scale Dissemination of ST93: A Divergent Staphylococcus aureus Epidemic Lineage That Has Recently Emerged From Remote Northern Australia

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Global Scale Dissemination of ST93: A Divergent Staphylococcus aureus Epidemic Lineage That Has Recently Emerged From Remote Northern Australia

S.J. van Hal, E.J. Steinig, P. Andersson, M.T.G. Holden, S.R. Harris, G.R. Nimmo, D.A. Williamson, H. Heffernan, S.R. Ritchie, A.M. Kearns, …

Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol.9, Article 1453

2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01453

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Abstract

Background: In Australia, community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) lineage sequence type (ST) 93 has rapidly risen to dominance since being described in the early 1990s. We examined 459 ST93 genome sequences from Australia, New Zealand, Samoa, and Europe to investigate the evolutionary history of ST93, its emergence in Australia and subsequent spread overseas. Results: Comparisons with other S. aureus genomes indicate that ST93 is an early diverging and recombinant lineage, comprising of segments from the ST59/ST121 lineage and from a divergent but currently unsampled Staphylococcal population. However, within extant ST93 strains limited genetic diversity was apparent with the most recent common ancestor dated to 1977 (95% highest posterior density 1973-1981). An epidemic ST93 population arose from a methicillin-susceptible progenitor in remote Northern Australia, which has a proportionally large Indigenous population, with documented overcrowded housing and a high burden of skin infection. Methicillin-resistance was acquired three times in these regions, with a clade harboring a staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) IVa expanding and spreading to Australia's east coast by 2000. We observed sporadic and non-sustained introductions of ST93-MRSA-IVa to the United Kingdom. In contrast, in New Zealand, ST93-MRSA-IVa was sustainably transmitted with clonal expansion within the Pacific Islander population, who experience similar disadvantages as Australian Indigenous populations. Conclusion: ST93 has a highly recombinant genome including portions derived from an early diverging S. aureus population. Our findings highlight the need to understand host population factors in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant community pathogens.

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Title: Global Scale Dissemination of ST93: A Divergent Staphylococcus aureus Epidemic Lineage That Has Recently Emerged From Remote Northern Australia
Authors/Creators: S.J. van Hal (Author/Creator) - Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
E.J. Steinig (Author/Creator) - Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine
P. Andersson (Author/Creator) - Menzies School of Health Research
M.T.G. Holden (Author/Creator) - Wellcome Sanger Institute
S.R. Harris (Author/Creator) - Wellcome Sanger Institute
G.R. Nimmo (Author/Creator) - Pathology Queensland Central Laboratory and Griffith University School of Medicine, Queensland Health, Australia
D.A. Williamson (Author/Creator) - The University of Melbourne
H. Heffernan (Author/Creator) - New Zealand Institute for Public Health and Forensic Science
S.R. Ritchie (Author/Creator) - University of Auckland
A.M. Kearns (Author/Creator) - Public Health England
M.J. Ellington (Author/Creator) - Public Health England
E. Dickson (Author/Creator) - Glasgow Royal Infirmary
H. de Lencastre (Author/Creator) - Universidade Nova de Lisboa
G.W. Coombs (Author/Creator) - Fiona Stanley Hospital
S.D. Bentley (Author/Creator) - Wellcome Sanger Institute
J. Parkhill (Author/Creator) - Wellcome Sanger Institute
D.C. Holt (Author/Creator) - Menzies School of Health Research
P.M. Giffard (Author/Creator) - Menzies School of Health Research
S.Y.C. Tong (Author/Creator) - Peter Doherty Institute
Publication Details: Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol.9, Article 1453
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Identifiers: 991005541760107891
Copyright: © 2018 van Hal, Steinig, Andersson, Holden, Harris, Nimmo, Williamson, Heffernan, Ritchie, Kearns, Ellington, Dickson, de Lencastre, Coombs, Bentley, Parkhill, Holt, Giffard and Tong
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Veterinary and Life Sciences
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 1 Clinical & Life Sciences; 1.23 Antibiotics & Antimicrobials; 1.23.173 MRSA and VRE
Web Of Science research areas: Microbiology
ESI research areas: Microbiology