Journal article
Impact of nipple shield use on milk transfer and maternal nipple pain
Breastfeeding Medicine, Vol.16(3), pp.222-239
2020
Abstract
Background: Nipple pain is a common cause of early cessation of breastfeeding. A nipple shield (shield) is often used to improve breastfeeding comfort. There are concerns that shield use may limit milk transfer. The aims of this study were to determine whether shield use reduces milk transfer and maternal nipple pain.
Methods: A within-subject study of two groups of breastfeeding dyads (infants <6 months) was conducted; Control Group (CG): no breastfeeding difficulties; Pain Group (PG) shield used for nipple pain. There were two monitored sessions where shield use was randomized. Test weights and pain questionnaires were completed, and percentage of available milk removed (PAMR) was calculated.
Results: Twenty-five PG (6 ± 4 postnatal weeks) and 34 CG (9 ± 6 postnatal weeks) had similar 24-hour milk production (PG: 676 ± 239 mL, CG: 775 ± 162 mL, p = 0.083). PG mean milk transfer volume and PAMR did not differ with shield use (no shield: 46 mL, 59%; shield: 40 mL, 53%, volume p = 0.38, PAMR p = 0.64). CG mean volume and PAMR were reduced with shield use (no shield: 65 mL, 64%; shield: 31 mL, 33%, volume p < 0.001, PAMR p < 0.001). PG pain scores were similar with and without shield use (Visual Analog Scale p = 0.44, McGill p = 0.97).
Conclusions: Shield use did not impact either milk production or milk transfer in breastfeeding women experiencing nipple pain.
Details
- Title
- Impact of nipple shield use on milk transfer and maternal nipple pain
- Authors/Creators
- V.S. Coentro (Author/Creator) - The University of Western AustraliaS.L. Perrella (Author/Creator) - The University of Western AustraliaC.T. Lai (Author/Creator) - The University of Western AustraliaA. Rea (Author/Creator) - Murdoch UniversityK. Murray (Author/Creator) - The University of Western AustraliaD.T. Geddes (Author/Creator) - The University of Western Australia
- Publication Details
- Breastfeeding Medicine, Vol.16(3), pp.222-239
- Publisher
- Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
- Identifiers
- 991005541815207891
- Copyright
- © 2020 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Information Technology, Mathematics and Statistics
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.72 Obstetrics & Gynecology
- 1.72.891 Breastfeeding
- Web Of Science research areas
- Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Pediatrics
- ESI research areas
- Clinical Medicine