Individual and Herd-Level Seroprevalence in Association with Potential Risk Factors of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs Collected from Urban, Periurban, and Rural Areas of Bali, Indonesia

I. Made Kardena; Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi; I. Nyoman Mantik Astawa; Mark O’Dea; Ian Robertson; Shafi Sahibzada; Mieghan Bruce

doi:10.1155/2023/9682657

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Individual and Herd-Level Seroprevalence in Association with Potential Risk Factors of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs Collected from Urban, Periurban, and Rural Areas of Bali, Indonesia

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Individual and Herd-Level Seroprevalence in Association with Potential Risk Factors of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs Collected from Urban, Periurban, and Rural Areas of Bali, Indonesia

I. Made Kardena, Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi, I. Nyoman Mantik Astawa, Mark O’Dea, Ian Robertson, Shafi Sahibzada and Mieghan Bruce

Veterinary medicine international, Vol.2023, 9682657

2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9682657

PMID: 36844471

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Abstract

A study to assess the seroprevalence antibodies against JEV in pigs in Denpasar, Badung, and Karangasem as the representatives of urban, periurban, and rural areas in the province of Bali was conducted. Sampled pigs’ blood was collected and their sera were tested for antibody detection using commercial IgG ELISA. A standard questionnaire was used to interview the pig owners or farmers to identify the determinants associated with the seropositivity of the antibodies. Overall, 96.6% (95% CI: 94.5–98.1) of 443 pig sera in individual animal-level seroprevalence were seropositive to the ELISA. Karangasem had the highest test prevalence at 97.3% (95% CI: 93.1–99.2) while Badung had a slightly lower prevalence at 96.6% (95% CI: 92.2–98.9), and Denpasar had the lowest prevalence at 96% (95% CI: 91.5–98.5) (). In herd-level seroprevalence, all sampled herds contained one or more seropositive pigs (overall herd-level seroprevalence 100% [95% CI: 97.7–100]). No animal-level factors were significantly associated with seropositivity (all values >0.05). For the herd-level risk factors relating to pig management and husbandry practices adopted, no analysis model could be generated, as all the sampled herds were seropositive. More than 90% seroprevalence detected in this study indicates high natural JEV infection occurred in pigs, which highlights the high public health risk of the infection in the areas.

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Title: Individual and Herd-Level Seroprevalence in Association with Potential Risk Factors of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs Collected from Urban, Periurban, and Rural Areas of Bali, Indonesia
Authors/Creators: I. Made Kardena - Udayana University
Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi - Udayana University
I. Nyoman Mantik Astawa - Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUdayana UniversityJalan PB SudirmanDenpasar 80234BaliIndonesiaunud.ac.id
Mark O’Dea - Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development
Ian Robertson - Murdoch University
Shafi Sahibzada - Murdoch University
Mieghan Bruce - Murdoch University
Contributors: Francesca Mancianti (Editor)
Publication Details: Veterinary medicine international, Vol.2023, 9682657
Publisher: Hindawi
Grant note: Murdoch University B/20-71/UN14.4.A/PT.01.05/2020 / Universitas Udayana
Identifiers: 991005579433407891
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine; Centre for Biosecurity and One Health
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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