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Journal article
Investigating olfactory gene variation and odour identification in older adults
Genes, Vol.12(5), Article 669
2021
Abstract
Ageing is associated with a decrease in odour identification. Additionally, deficits in olfaction have been linked to age-related disease and mortality. Heritability studies suggest genetic variation contributes to olfactory identification. The olfactory receptor (OR) gene family is the largest in the human genome and responsible for overall odour identification. In this study, we sought to find olfactory gene family variants associated with individual and overall odour identification and to examine the relationships between polygenic risk scores (PRS) for olfactory-related phenotypes and olfaction. Participants were Caucasian older adults from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study and the Older Australian Twins Study with genome-wide genotyping data (n = 1395, mean age = 75.52 ± 6.45). The Brief-Smell Identification Test (BSIT) was administered in both cohorts. PRS were calculated from independent GWAS summary statistics for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), Parkinson’s disease (PD), hippocampal volume and smoking. Associations with olfactory receptor genes (n = 967), previously identified candidate olfaction-related SNPs (n = 36) and different PRS with BSIT scores (total and individual smells) were examined. All of the relationships were analysed using generalised linear mixed models (GLMM), adjusted for age and sex. Genes with suggestive evidence for odour identification were found for 8 of the 12 BSIT items. Thirteen out of 36 candidate SNPs previously identified from the literature were suggestively associated with several individual BSIT items but not total score. PRS for smoking, WMH and PD were negatively associated with chocolate identification. This is the first study to conduct genetic analyses with individual odorant identification, which found suggestive olfactory-related genes and genetic variants for multiple individual BSIT odours. Replication in independent and larger cohorts is needed.
Details
- Title
- Investigating olfactory gene variation and odour identification in older adults
- Authors/Creators
- S. Raj (Author/Creator) - UNSW SydneyA. Thalamuthu (Author/Creator) - UNSW SydneyN.J. Armstrong (Author/Creator) - Curtin UniversityM.J. Wright (Author/Creator) - The University of QueenslandJ.B. Kwok (Author/Creator) - The University of SydneyJ.N. Trollor (Author/Creator) - UNSW SydneyD. Ames (Author/Creator) - National Ageing Research InstituteP.R. Schofield (Author/Creator) - Neuroscience Research AustraliaH. Brodaty (Author/Creator) - UNSW SydneyP.S. Sachdev (Author/Creator) - UNSW SydneyK.A. Mather (Author/Creator) - UNSW Sydney
- Publication Details
- Genes, Vol.12(5), Article 669
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Identifiers
- 991005541561107891
- Copyright
- © 2021 by the authors
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Murdoch University
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Citation topics
- 3 Agriculture, Environment & Ecology
- 3.220 Smell & Taste Science
- 3.220.701 Olfactory Systems
- Web Of Science research areas
- Genetics & Heredity
- ESI research areas
- Molecular Biology & Genetics