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CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Life Cycle Assessment of Production of Hydrochar via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Date Palm Fronds Biomass
Materials, Vol.16(20), 6653
2023
PMID: 37895634
Abstract
This study presents novel life cycle assessment (LCA) findings on hydrochar production from Saudi-Arabia-based date palm fronds biomass waste using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The LCA procedure incorporated normalization, weighting, and improvement assessment. The system boundary encompassed water consumption and energy requirements within a lab setting representing a gate-to-gate process. The OpenLCA 1.11.0 software with the European Life Cycle Database 3.2 (ELCD 3.2) was utilized for the study and we employed the ReCiPe Midpoint (H) 2016 and Environmental Footprint 3.0 (EF 3.0) impact assessment methods. The results indicated that fossil fuel usage represented the most significant impact category with the HTC and drying processes identified as major contributors. It was also observed that the HTC process exerted far greater detrimental impacts on the environment than the biomass grinding process. The overwhelming impact of fossil fuel resources could be mitigated by optimizing the batches of biomass or hydrochar samples in each operation, which could alleviate fossil fuel consumption by up to 94%. The findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to mitigate the environmental burden and contribute to sustainable hydrochar production.
Details
- Title
- Life Cycle Assessment of Production of Hydrochar via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Date Palm Fronds Biomass
- Authors/Creators
- Chun-Yang Yin - Newcastle University in Singapore, 537 Clementi Road #06-01, SIT Building @ Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore 599493, Singapore Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia Surface Analysis and Materials Engineering Research Group, School of Mathematics, Statistics, Chemistry and Physics, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Murdoch University, 90 South St., Murdoch, WA 6150, AustraliaMohanad El-Harbawi - Newcastle University in Singapore, 537 Clementi Road #06-01, SIT Building @ Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore 599493, Singapore Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia Surface Analysis and Materials Engineering Research Group, School of Mathematics, Statistics, Chemistry and Physics, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Murdoch University, 90 South St., Murdoch, WA 6150, AustraliaZhong-Tao Jiang - Murdoch University, Centre for Water, Energy and Waste
- Publication Details
- Materials, Vol.16(20), 6653
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Identifiers
- 991005610369907891
- Copyright
- © 2023 by the authors.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Mathematics, Statistics, Chemistry and Physics
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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