Longitudinal multi-locus molecular characterisation of sporadic Australian human clinical cases of cryptosporidiosis from 2005 to 2008

J. Ng; B. MacKenzie; U. Ryan

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2010.02.017

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Longitudinal multi-locus molecular characterisation of sporadic Australian human clinical cases of cryptosporidiosis from 2005 to 2008

Journal article

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Peer reviewed

Longitudinal multi-locus molecular characterisation of sporadic Australian human clinical cases of cryptosporidiosis from 2005 to 2008

J. Ng, B. MacKenzie and U. Ryan

Experimental Parasitology, Vol.125(4), pp.348-356

2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2010.02.017

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Abstract

Cryptosporidium is a gastrointestinal parasite that is recognised as a significant cause of non-viral diarrhea in both developing and industrialised countries. In the present study, a longitudinal analysis of 248 faecal specimens from Australian humans with gastrointestinal symptoms from 2005 to 2008 was conducted. Sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene locus and the 60. kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene locus revealed that 195 (78.6%) of the cases were due to infection with Cryptosporidium hominis, 49 (19.8%) with Cryptosporidium parvum and four (1.6%) with Cryptosporidium meleagridis. A total of eight gp60 subtype families were identified; five C. hominis subtype families (Ib, Id, Ie, If and Ig), and two C. parvum subtype families (IIa and IId). The Id subtype family was the most common C. hominis subtype family identified in 45.7% of isolates, followed by the Ig subtype family (30.3%) and the Ib subtype family (20%). The most common C. parvum subtype was IIaA18G3R1, identified in 65.3% of isolates. The more rare zoonotic IId A15G1 subtype was identified in one isolate. Statistical analysis showed that the Id subtype was associated with abdominal pain (p<0.05) and that in sporadic cryptosporidiosis, children aged 5 and below were 1.91 times and 1.88 times more likely to be infected with subtype Id (RR 1.91; 95% CI, 1.7-2.89; p<0.05) and Ig (RR 1.88; 95% CI, 1.10-3.24; p<0.05) compared to children aged 5 and above. A subset of isolates were also analysed at the variable CP47 and MSC6-7 gene loci. Findings from this study suggest that anthroponotic transmission of Cryptosporidium plays a major role in the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in Western Australian humans.

Details

Title: Longitudinal multi-locus molecular characterisation of sporadic Australian human clinical cases of cryptosporidiosis from 2005 to 2008
Authors/Creators: J. Ng (Author/Creator)
B. MacKenzie (Author/Creator)
U. Ryan (Author/Creator)
Publication Details: Experimental Parasitology, Vol.125(4), pp.348-356
Publisher: Academic Press
Identifiers: 991005544834707891
Copyright: © 2010 Elsevier Inc
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration
Citation topics: 1 Clinical & Life Sciences; 1.246 Diarrheal Diseases; 1.246.985 Cryptosporidium
Web Of Science research areas: Parasitology
ESI research areas: Microbiology