Journal article
Manipulating the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis using CRISPR: Novel technologies for improved host immunity
Frontiers in Immunology, Vol.12, Article 712722
2021
Abstract
The activating immune receptor natural killer group member D (NKG2D) and its cognate ligands represent a fundamental surveillance system of cellular distress, damage or transformation. Signaling through the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis is critical for early detection of viral infection or oncogenic transformation and the presence of functional NKG2D ligands (NKG2D-L) is associated with tumor rejection and viral clearance. Many viruses and tumors have developed mechanisms to evade NKG2D recognition via transcriptional, post-transcriptional or post-translational interference with NKG2D-L, supporting the concept that circumventing immune evasion of the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis may be an attractive therapeutic avenue for antiviral therapy or cancer immunotherapy. To date, the complexity of the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis and the lack of specificity of current NKG2D-targeting therapies has not allowed for the precise manipulation required to optimally harness NKG2D-mediated immunity. However, with the discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins, novel opportunities have arisen in the realm of locus-specific gene editing and regulation. Here, we give a brief overview of the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis in humans and discuss the levels at which NKG2D-L are regulated and dysregulated during viral infection and oncogenesis. Moreover, we explore the potential for CRISPR-based technologies to provide novel therapeutic avenues to improve and maximize NKG2D-mediated immunity.
Details
- Title
- Manipulating the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis using CRISPR: Novel technologies for improved host immunity
- Authors/Creators
- E. Alves (Author/Creator)E. McLeish (Author/Creator)P. Blancafort (Author/Creator)J.D. Coudert (Author/Creator)S. Gaudieri (Author/Creator)
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in Immunology, Vol.12, Article 712722
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media
- Identifiers
- 991005543988307891
- Copyright
- © 2021 The Authors
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.6 Immunology
- 1.6.1021 Natural Killer Cells
- Web Of Science research areas
- Immunology
- ESI research areas
- Immunology