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Navigating cultural influence in China’s post-world trade organisation era: conceptualising socialist cultural market
Journal article   Open access

Navigating cultural influence in China’s post-world trade organisation era: conceptualising socialist cultural market

Lei Sun, Simon J. McKirdy and Yahan Mao
ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts, Vol.7(5s), pp.170-181
2026
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Published (Version of Record) Open Access CC BY V4.0

Abstract

Socialist Cultural Market Social Effects Economic Returns State-Owned Enterprises China
This article examines the historical contexts that shaped the theory of the socialist cultural market in the late 1990s, when Chinese cinema experienced a dramatic decline. It offers insights for English-language theoretical and analytical studies on cultural and industrial governance, both in China and beyond. Through an analysis of academic literature and original policy documents, the study traces the chronological development of the socialist cultural market theory, considering its industrial challenges, historical background, and political necessities. Central to this model is the emphasis on “social effects”, which are coordinated with “economic returns” within a stateregulated, yet relatively open and competitive market setting. Within this system, stateowned enterprises and their cultural products play a leading role, while private and foreign entities also participate. This cultural governance framework helps explain the evolution of cultural policies and sectors—such as film, television, and publishing— across both offline and online domains.

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