Nitrogen fertilizer increases seed protein and milling quality of rice

M. Leesawatwong; S. Jamjod; J. Kuo; B. Dell; B. Rerkasem

doi:10.1094/CC-82-0588

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Nitrogen fertilizer increases seed protein and milling quality of rice

Journal article

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Peer reviewed

Nitrogen fertilizer increases seed protein and milling quality of rice

M. Leesawatwong, S. Jamjod, J. Kuo, B. Dell and B. Rerkasem

Cereal Chemistry, Vol.82(5), pp.588-593

2005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/CC-82-0588

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Abstract

Rice grain breakage during milling is a problem in many parts of Asia. It has been suggested that nitrogen (N) fertilizer can improve the milling quality of rice. Therefore, this study investigates effects of N fertilization on grain N concentration, endosperm storage protein distribution, and milling quality of rice. Four Thai extra long grain commercial rice cultivars (KDML105, KLG1, PTT1, and CNT1) were grown at Chiang Mai University in the wet season of 2001 with 0 or 120 kg of N/ha at flowering. Anatomical sections showed that there was more storage protein accumulated in the lateral regions of polished grain of high N concentration than in grain of low N concentration. Percent (%) unbroken rice was positively correlated with relative abundance of storage protein in the lateral region of the endosperm in all cultivars. Applying N increased head rice N concentration in all cultivars, whereas % unbroken rice was increased in KLG1 and CNT1. KDML105 cultivar, on the other hand, already had high % unbroken rice and more abundant storage protein in the lateral region with the grain of low N concentration. It is hypothesized that high density of storage protein in the lateral region of the endosperm provides resilience and lessens grain breakage during milling. The additional protein may increase hardness in rice grains and thus could make the rice more resistant to breakage during milling. Furthermore, N fertilization may enhance the nutritional quality of rice grain by increasing the glutelin content, which is rich in lysine.

Details

Title: Nitrogen fertilizer increases seed protein and milling quality of rice
Authors/Creators: M. Leesawatwong (Author/Creator) - The University of Western Australia
S. Jamjod (Author/Creator) - Chiang Mai University
J. Kuo (Author/Creator) - Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis
B. Dell (Author/Creator) - Murdoch University
B. Rerkasem (Author/Creator) - Chiang Mai University
Publication Details: Cereal Chemistry, Vol.82(5), pp.588-593
Publisher: American Association of Cereal Chemists
Identifiers: 991005542975607891
Copyright: © 2005 AACC International, Inc.
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 3 Agriculture, Environment & Ecology; 3.85 Food Science & Technology; 3.85.99 Cereal Starch Properties
Web Of Science research areas: Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
ESI research areas: Agricultural Sciences