Physical Activity Can Reduce Hypertension and the Long-term Benefits May Contribute toward a Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia

S. J. Fuller; T. Shah; P. Chatterjee; C. B. Dias; H. Hillebrandt; H. R. Sohrabi; Ralph N. Martins

doi:10.15713/ins.johtn.0199

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Physical Activity Can Reduce Hypertension and the Long-term Benefits May Contribute toward a Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia

Journal article

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Physical Activity Can Reduce Hypertension and the Long-term Benefits May Contribute toward a Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia

S. J. Fuller, T. Shah, P. Chatterjee, C. B. Dias, H. Hillebrandt, H. R. Sohrabi and Ralph N. Martins

Hypertension Journal, Vol.6(3), pp.133-141

2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.johtn.0199

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Abstract

Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that chronic mid-life hypertension is linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia, especially vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. However, clinical trials of pharmacological or exercise-based anti-hypertensive treatments have not always noted reductions in cognitive decline in treated patients. The many pharmacological modes of treatments available, the short-term nature of many studies, and the range in participant ages are some of the reasons clinical trials may not have consistently shown an influence on cognition. Furthermore, hypertension studies have led to the understanding that arterial stiffness is a better indicator of cognition than blood pressure (BP), possibly reflecting inadequacies in BP measurement methods. Exercise interventions have been successful in reducing hypertension, and recent studies have highlighted improvements in certain aspects of cognition. In addition, both aerobic and resistance training exercises are proving to be beneficial. With the aim of reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, multi-domain lifestyle changes encompassing regular exercise, dietary improvements, and cognitive training are being investigated in long-term clinical trials, with encouraging results. In this review, we discuss hypertension, links between hypertension and cognitive decline, as well as clinical trials of hypertension which have investigated exercise and pharmacological treatments and their potential effects on cognition. We also highlight recent multi-domain interventions aimed at reducing the risk of cognitive decline.

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Title: Physical Activity Can Reduce Hypertension and the Long-term Benefits May Contribute toward a Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia
Authors/Creators: S. J. Fuller
T. Shah
P. Chatterjee
C. B. Dias
H. Hillebrandt
H. R. Sohrabi
Ralph N. Martins
Contributors: C Venkata S Ram (Editor)
Publication Details: Hypertension Journal, Vol.6(3), pp.133-141
Publisher: Indian Society of Hypertension (InSH)
Identifiers: 991005609293007891
Murdoch Affiliation: Centre for Healthy Ageing; Health Futures Institute; School of Psychology
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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