Poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with increased risk of Metabolic Syndrome in children. The Healthy Growth Study.

E.S. George; S. Gavrili; C. Itsiopoulos; Y. Manios; G. Moschonis

doi:10.1017/S1368980021001701

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Poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with increased risk of Metabolic Syndrome in children. The Healthy Growth Study.

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with increased risk of Metabolic Syndrome in children. The Healthy Growth Study.

E.S. George, S. Gavrili, C. Itsiopoulos, Y. Manios and G. Moschonis

Public Health Nutrition, pp.1-25

2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021001701

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Abstract

Objective: To examine the associations between the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with obesity, insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in schoolchildren. Design: The Healthy Growth Study was a large epidemiological cross-sectional study. Setting: School children that were enrolled in primary schools in four counties covering the northern, southern, western and central part of Greece were invited to participate. Participants: The study was conducted with a representative sample of 9-13 years old schoolchildren (n-1,972) with full data. This study applied the KIDMed score to determine “poor” (≤ 3), “medium” (4 to 7) and “high” (≥ 8) adherence of children to the MedDiet. The research hypothesis was examined using multivariate logistic regression models, controlling for potential confounders. Results: The percentage of children with “poor”, “medium” and “high” adherence to the MedDiet was 64.8%, 34.2% and 1% respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of obesity, IR and MetS was 11.6%, 28.8% and 3.4% respectively. Logistic regression analyses revealed that “poor” adherence to the MedDiet was associated with an increased likelihood for central obesity (OR 1.31; 95% C.I 1.01-1.73), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 2.80; 95% C.I 1.05-7.46) and IR (OR 1.31; 95% C.I 1.05-1.64), even after adjusting for several potential confounders. Conclusions: The present study showed that approximately two thirds of the examined sample of schoolchildren in Greece have “poor” adherence to the MedDiet, which also increases the likelihood for central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and IR. Prospective studies are needed to confirm whether these are cause-effect associations.

Details

Title: Poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with increased risk of Metabolic Syndrome in children. The Healthy Growth Study.
Authors/Creators: E.S. George (Author/Creator) - Deakin University
S. Gavrili (Author/Creator) - Alexandra Hospital
C. Itsiopoulos (Author/Creator) - MIT University
Y. Manios (Author/Creator) - Harokopio University of Athens
G. Moschonis (Author/Creator) - La Trobe University
Publication Details: Public Health Nutrition, pp.1-25
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Identifiers: 991005542930307891
Murdoch Affiliation: College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 1 Clinical & Life Sciences; 1.44 Nutrition & Dietetics; 1.44.29 Nutrition and Obesity
Web Of Science research areas: Nutrition & Dietetics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
ESI research areas: Social Sciences, general