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CC BY-NC-ND V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Quantitative evaluation of environmental and human health impacts in an Indonesian conservation region: A life cycle assessment (LCA) approach
Watershed ecology and the environment, Vol.8, pp.133-141
2026
Abstract
[Display omitted]
Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) is an emerging tourism destination in Indonesia, where increasing tourism has led to excessive groundwater use and land subsidence. These issues pose environmental and health risks from emissions and seawater intrusion. This study examines the potential effects of these factors on the environment and human health within KNP. The research utilizes OpenLCA software 2.0.1 and the Ecoinvent 3.8 database, applying the CML-IA Baseline method for environmental impact assessment and the EPS 2015d method for human health impacts. The results show that the largest environmental impact is eutrophication, with the highest values recorded at spot 11 (6.94E-06 kg PO4– eq). At spot 5, where copper (Cu) contamination reached the highest levels, the Authors observed the most significant ecotoxicity impacts, affecting freshwater (3.67E-06 kg 1,4-DB eq) ecosystems. Human health impacts, including intellectual disability (2.62E-10 Person-Years), and renal dysfunction (1.028E-13 case), were most significant at spot 5, linked to lead (Pb) contamination. The study suggests that reducing human activity in areas contributing to eutrophication and ecotoxicity, such as controlling nitrate and copper pollution, could mitigate environmental damage. Moreover, addressing human toxicity and health risks from lead requires improving waste management, ecosystem rehabilitation, pesticide reduction, and strengthening environmental monitoring. Public awareness of these risks is essential for effective mitigation.
Details
- Title
- Quantitative evaluation of environmental and human health impacts in an Indonesian conservation region: A life cycle assessment (LCA) approach
- Authors/Creators
- Novy Ariyanto - Cycle (Germany)Anisah Anisah - Cycle (Germany)Virny Zasyana Eka Putri - Research Center for Industrial Systems and Sustainable Manufacturing, National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN, Prof. BJ. Habibie Complex Area, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, IndonesiaYoyon Wahyono - National Research and Innovation AgencyHashfi Hawali Abdul Matin - Study Program of Environmental Science, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, IndonesiaIsnaeni Kumalasari - Cycle (Germany)Mutia Citrawati Lestari - Cycle (Germany)Muhammad Raihan Farras Hakim - Research Center for Industrial Systems and Sustainable Manufacturing, National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN, Prof. BJ. Habibie Complex Area, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, IndonesiaAnissa Dewi Suryaningtyas - Cycle (Germany)Sundari Sundari - Cycle (Germany)Nugroho Adi Sasongko - Murdoch UniversityMartin Anda - Murdoch University, Centre for Water, Energy and WasteAnggara Lomak Prihatin - Cycle (Germany)Lambas Parlaungan Panggabean - Cycle (Germany)
- Publication Details
- Watershed ecology and the environment, Vol.8, pp.133-141
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
- Number of pages
- 9
- Identifiers
- 991005845962707891
- Copyright
- © 2025 The Authors.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Centre for Water, Energy and Waste; College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics; Indo-Pacific Research Centre
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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