Retrospective Determination of the Incidence of Apparent Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction to Intravenous Amoxicillin-Clavulanate in Dogs and Cats

Lucy M Fuchter; Iain Keir; Lisa Smart

doi:10.1111/vec.70093

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Retrospective Determination of the Incidence of Apparent Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction to Intravenous Amoxicillin-Clavulanate in Dogs and Cats

Journal article

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Retrospective Determination of the Incidence of Apparent Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction to Intravenous Amoxicillin-Clavulanate in Dogs and Cats

Lucy M Fuchter, Iain Keir and Lisa Smart

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2000), Early View

2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.70093

PMID: 41582857

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Abstract

dogs

adverse event

hypersensitivity

amoxicillin–clavulanate

Objective To determine the incidence of, and characterize the clinical signs associated with, apparent type I hypersensitivity (HS) reactions due to administration of a new formulation of IV amoxicillin–clavulanate (AC). Design Observational retrospective study. Setting Two private specialty hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. Animals One thousand six hundred seventy-two dogs and cats administered a new formulation of IV AC. Measurements and Main Results Between September 2018 and May 2022, patients were identified that received chlorpheniramine or dexamethasone within 6 h of receiving the new formulation of IV AC, had an allergy alert to the new formulation noted in the medical record, or had an allergy or suspected reaction to the new formulation described in the medical record. Patients were included if the new formulation was administered, if they had evidence of a type I HS reaction within 6 h of injection, and if they were administered treatment for a type I HS reaction. Eleven dogs (and no cats) had an apparent type I HS reaction (incidence 0.81% for dogs). Cases were clustered between November 2021 and May 2022 (n = 10), with an incidence of 2.13% for dogs. Dermatologic signs were recorded for all cases (n = 11), with some showing cardiovascular (n = 2) or gastrointestinal signs (n = 1). All cases survived. Conclusions The incidence of a type I HS reaction to the new formulation of IV AC in dogs was low, and the outcome was excellent. No reactions in cats were identified. A cause for clustering of cases within a 6-month period was not elucidated.

Details

Title: Retrospective Determination of the Incidence of Apparent Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction to Intravenous Amoxicillin-Clavulanate in Dogs and Cats
Authors/Creators: Lucy M Fuchter - Sydney Adventist Hospital
Iain Keir - Sydney Adventist Hospital
Lisa Smart - Murdoch University, School of Veterinary Medicine
Publication Details: Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2000), Early View
Publisher: Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society.
Number of pages: 5
Identifiers: 991005857587907891
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Web Of Science research areas: Veterinary Sciences
ESI research areas: Plant & Animal Science