Journal article
Review of fluoride removal from drinking water
Journal of Environmental Management, Vol.91(1), pp.67-77
2009
Abstract
Fluoride in drinking water has a profound effect on teeth and bones. Up to a small level (1-1.5 mg/L) this strengthens the enamel. Concentrations in the range of 1.5-4 mg/L result in dental fluorosis whereas with prolonged exposure at still higher fluoride concentrations (4-10 mg/L) dental fluorosis progresses to skeletal fluorosis. High fluoride concentrations in groundwater, up to more than 30 mg/L, occur widely, in many parts of the world. This review article is aimed at providing precise information on efforts made by various researchers in the field of fluoride removal for drinking water. The fluoride removal has been broadly divided in two sections dealing with membrane and adsorption techniques. Under the membrane techniques reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, dialysis and electro-dialysis have been discussed. Adsorption, which is a conventional technique, deals with adsorbents such as: alumina/aluminium based materials, clays and soils, calcium based minerals, synthetic compounds and carbon based materials. Studies on fluoride removal from aqueous solutions using various reversed zeolites, modified zeolites and ion exchange resins based on cross-linked polystyrene are reviewed. During the last few years, layered double oxides have been of interest as adsorbents for fluoride removal. Such recent developments have been briefly discussed.
Details
- Title
- Review of fluoride removal from drinking water
- Authors/Creators
- M. Mohapatra (Author/Creator) - Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyS. Anand (Author/Creator) - Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyB.K. Mishra (Author/Creator) - Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyD.E. Giles (Author/Creator) - Murdoch UniversityP. Singh (Author/Creator) - Murdoch University
- Publication Details
- Journal of Environmental Management, Vol.91(1), pp.67-77
- Publisher
- Academic Press
- Identifiers
- 991005543725007891
- Copyright
- © 2009 Elsevier Ltd.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Chemical and Mathematical Science
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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Source: InCites
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 2 Chemistry
- 2.90 Water Treatment
- 2.90.27 Adsorption
- Web Of Science research areas
- Environmental Sciences
- ESI research areas
- Environment/Ecology