Logo image
Back
Selection of reference genes for normalization of mitochondrial gene expression by qRT-PCR in different potato tissues and during anther development
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Selection of reference genes for normalization of mitochondrial gene expression by qRT-PCR in different potato tissues and during anther development

Jing Xu, Qing Li, Li Yuan and Michael G K Jones
BMC plant biology, Vol.25(1), 1339
2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07301-3
PMID: 41062978
pdf
Published2.58 MBDownloadView
CC BY-NC-ND V4.0,  Open Access

Abstract

Potato nad2 Mitochondria nad1 CMS QRT-PCR Tissue expression Expression reference genes
Background Potato is the most widely grown tuber crop worldwide and a staple food in many countries: it has become the focus of many molecular breeding studies. One topical area is breeding potato seeds, especially advancing male sterile plants, focusing on developing cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) as a breeding tool. A major obstacle has been the identification of mitochondrial genes for CMS. Quantifying the expression of candidate CMS genes is a critical aspect needed for the validation of gene expression levels for all organisms, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a powerful tool for this purpose. However, selecting appropriate internal control genes for normalization of mitochondrial gene expression presents specific challenges. The aim of this study was to identify suitable reference genes best suited for analysis of mitochondrial gene expression in different tissues and developmental stages of potato, particularly in developing anthers. Results We assessed the expression of eighteen candidate internal control genes, including four previously studied nuclear reference genes and fourteen mitochondrial candidate reference genes. By studying gene expression in a range of tissues, the genes nad1 and nad2 were found to be the most stable reference genes, since they were expressed most consistently using four different analytical tools, GeNorm, Delta Ct, Bestkeeper and NormFinder. In contrast, expression levels of the conventional nuclear reference genes were more variable. The comprehensively ranked first candidate gene, nad2 is proposed as the preferred choice as a reference gene, especially when studying different stages of anther development. Notably, actin, the most widely used marker expression gene, worked well in some cases, but there was significant variation in its rankings, for example, using the Bestkeeper tool it was ranked sixth. Conclusions The results indicate that nad1 and nad2 respectively were the most stably expressed marker genes in 8 different tissues and stages of anther development. This study provides valuable support for future research on mitochondrial gene expression in potato, specifically for identifying patterns of expression of CMS genes, and can be a valuable tool to quantify gene expression for other Solanaceae species.

Details

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This output has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#2 Zero Hunger
#12 Responsible Consumption & Production

Metrics

1 File views/ downloads
12 Record Views

InCites Highlights

These are selected metrics from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool, related to this output

Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
International collaboration
Citation topics
3 Agriculture, Environment & Ecology
3.4 Crop Science
3.4.1922 Alternative Oxidase
Web Of Science research areas
Plant Sciences
ESI research areas
Plant & Animal Science
Logo image