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Journal article
Seroprevalence, molecular characterization, biotyping, and associated risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in dairy cattle in Bangladesh
Research in veterinary science, Vol.202, 106065
2026
PMID: 41558100
Appears in Open Access via Read & Publish Agreements
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is globally endemic, with the ability to establish persistent infection (PI) being central to its complex epidemiology. Currently the genetic variability of BVDV in Bangladesh remains poorly understood. This study involved a survey in commercial dairy herds in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh in 2024/2025. A total of 373 blood samples were collected from cattle in 24 dairy herds. Serum and buffy coat samples were analyzed using antibody-ELISA and RT-qPCR targeting the 5′-UTR region, followed by sequencing. The MDBK cell line was used for virus isolation and biotyping. Herd and animal-level seroprevalences were 83.3% and 15.3%, respectively, while the corresponding viremic rates were 79.2% and 11.0%. Analysis of 41 sequences identified nine distinct BVDV-1 subgenotypes (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1 k, 1p, 1o, and 1v), with BVDV-1b (41.5%) and BVDV-2a (14.6%) predominating. Additionally, five HoBiPeV-a pestiviruses were detected. Among antigen-positive cattle, 38 (92.68%) were identified as transiently infected and 3 (7.3%) were confirmed as PI. Six (14.6%) and 27 (65.9%) were identified as cytopathic and non-cytopathic biotypes, respectively. Risk factors for BVDV seropositivity included: female sex (OR: 3.0), clinical disease in the past three months (OR: 2.4), crowding (OR: 2.9), and lack of dedicated clothing for farm workers (OR: 5.7). Active infection was associated with calves (OR: 6.2), heifers (OR: 2.3), stunted growth (OR: 3.0), technician-performed artificial insemination (OR: 10.4), and frequent neighboring farm visits (OR: 3.1). This study has provided data crucial for formulating prevention and control strategies against BVDV to safeguard the Bangladeshi dairy industry.
Details
- Title
- Seroprevalence, molecular characterization, biotyping, and associated risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in dairy cattle in Bangladesh
- Authors/Creators
- Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana - Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityMd Saiful Islam - Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityBelayet Hossain - Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityAbdul Ahad - Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityDavid J. Hampson - Murdoch University, School of Veterinary MedicineSam Abraham - Murdoch University, School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic SciencesSubir Sarker - La Trobe UniversityJully Gogoi-Tiwari - Murdoch University, School of Veterinary MedicineJasim M. Uddin - Murdoch University, Centre for Animal Production and Health
- Publication Details
- Research in veterinary science, Vol.202, 106065
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd.
- Number of pages
- 14
- Identifiers
- 991005852587007891
- Copyright
- © 2026 The Authors.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Harry Butler Institute; School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; Centre for Animal Production and Health
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.104 Virology - General
- 1.104.1882 Livestock Viral Threats
- Web Of Science research areas
- Veterinary Sciences
- ESI research areas
- Plant & Animal Science