Journal article
Seroprevalence, potential risk factors, and pathological observation of classical swine fever in pigs in Bali Province, Indonesia
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, Vol.73(3-4), pp.72-82
2025
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is an important viral disease of pigs caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV), with major impacts on animal health and the livestock industry. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of CSFV antibodies in pigs in Bali, assess potential risk factors associated with seropositivity, and describe pathological changes in clinically suspected cases confirmed by rRT-PCR. From September to December 2023, 470 blood samples from pigs with no available vaccination records were collected across Bali and tested using C-ELISA. In addition, 15 pigs showing CSF signs were necropsied for pathological and rRT-PCR evaluation. Six were confirmed CSFV-positive. The overall seroprevalence was 40.8% (192/470, 95% CI: 36.4–45.4). The highest prevalence occurred in Klungkung regency (65.4%, 17/26). Pigs from urban areas were 1.76 times more likely to be seropositive (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.18–2.64) than those from rural areas. By age, pigs under two years were 1.21 times more likely to be seropositive (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.65–2.23), while crossbred pigs were 1.27 times more likely (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.85–1.88) compared to purebreds; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Only location (urban vs. rural) showed a significant association. Pathological changes were observed in the skin, brain, trachea, lungs, kidney, spleen, and intestines. This study demonstrates a relatively high seroprevalence of CSFV in Bali. The limited vaccination records suggests minimal vaccine coverage, indicating that the high seroprevalence most likely reflects natural infection.
Details
- Title
- Seroprevalence, potential risk factors, and pathological observation of classical swine fever in pigs in Bali Province, Indonesia
- Authors/Creators
- I Ketut Wirata - Disease Investigation CenterIda Bagus Windia Adnyana - Udayana UniversityIda Bagus Oka Winaya - Udayana UniversityI Ketut Berata - Udayana UniversityI Made Kardena - Udayana UniversityLuh Kadek Nanda Laksmi - Disease Investigation CenterMuhammad Jasim Uddin - Murdoch UniversityI Ketut Narcana - Disease Investigation CenterPalagan Senopati Sewoyo - Udayana University
- Publication Details
- Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, Vol.73(3-4), pp.72-82
- Publisher
- Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research Editorial Committee
- Number of pages
- 11
- Identifiers
- 991005847348007891
- Copyright
- © 2025 Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research Editorial Committee, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Harry Butler Institute; School of Veterinary Medicine; Centre for Animal Production and Health
- Language
- English; Japanese
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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