Targets and cross-reactivity of human T cell recognition of Common Cold Coronaviruses

A. Tarke; Y. Zhang; N. Methot; T. M. Narowski; Elizabeth Phillips; Simon Mallal; A. Frazier; G. Filaci; D. Weiskopf; J.M. Dan; L. Premkumar; R. H. Scheuermann; A. Sette; A. Grifoni

doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101088

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Targets and cross-reactivity of human T cell recognition of Common Cold Coronaviruses

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Targets and cross-reactivity of human T cell recognition of Common Cold Coronaviruses

A. Tarke, Y. Zhang, N. Methot, T. M. Narowski, Elizabeth Phillips, Simon Mallal, A. Frazier, G. Filaci, D. Weiskopf, J.M. Dan, …

Cell Reports Medicine, Vol.4(6), 101088

2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101088

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Abstract

The Coronavirus (CoV) family includes several viruses infecting humans, highlighting the importance of exploring pan-CoV vaccine strategies to provide broad adaptive immune protection. We analyze T cell reactivity against representative alpha (NL63) and beta (OC43) common cold CoVs (CCC) in pre-pandemic samples. S, N, M, and nsp3 antigens are immunodominant as shown for SARS2, while nsp2 and nsp12 are alpha or beta-specific. We further identify 78 OC43 and 87 NL63-specific epitopes and for a subset of those, we assess the T cell capability to cross-recognize sequences from representative viruses belonging to alphaCoV, sarbecoCoV, and beta-non-sarbecoCoV groups. We find T cell cross-reactivity within the alpha and beta groups, in 89% of the instances associated with sequence conservation >67%. However, despite conservation, limited cross-reactivity is observed for sarbecoCoV, indicating that previous CoV exposure is a contributing factor in determining cross-reactivity. Overall, these results provide critical insights in developing future pan-CoV vaccines.

Details

Title: Targets and cross-reactivity of human T cell recognition of Common Cold Coronaviruses
Authors/Creators: A. Tarke
Y. Zhang
N. Methot
T. M. Narowski
Elizabeth Phillips
Simon Mallal
A. Frazier
G. Filaci
D. Weiskopf
J.M. Dan
L. Premkumar
R. H. Scheuermann
A. Sette - La Jolla Institute for Immunology
A. Grifoni
Publication Details: Cell Reports Medicine, Vol.4(6), 101088
Publisher: Cell Press
Identifiers: 991005579168407891
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s).
Murdoch Affiliation: Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 1 Clinical & Life Sciences; 1.104 Virology - General; 1.104.1353 Coronavirus Research
Web Of Science research areas: Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
ESI research areas: Clinical Medicine