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Journal article
The Role of GeneXpert MTB/RIF in Reducing Treatment Delay Among Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Infection and drug resistance, Vol.15, pp.285-294
2022
PMID: 35115796
Abstract
Background: GeneXpert MTB/RIF testing is a rapid molecular diagnostic test that is performed with an automated cartilage-based machine that makes treatment initiation prompt. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of GeneXpert in the reduction of treatment delay among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients in Amhara regional state of Ethiopia.
Methods: A facility-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted from January to February 2019, and a total of 465 MDR-TB patients were included in the study. Socio-demographic, clinical, and treatment-related characteristics were collected from patient's chart retrospectively using data abstraction sheets. Binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with treatment delay; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength of association. A propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was used to assess the impact of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF test on treatment delay through calculation of average treatment effect (ATE).
Results: The majority, 92.4%, of patients had the pulmonary form of TB, and 46.7% of patients were diagnosed by GeneXpert MTB/ RIF. The presence of cavitation (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39 0.96), extrapulmonary form of TB (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.14 0.81), and GeneXpert (AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10 0.24) were factors associated with treatment delay. The average treatment effect (ATE) of PSM analysis showed that GeneXpert MTB/RIF has significantly reduced treatment delay by 41% compared to matched control groups.
Conclusion: This study revealed that GeneXpert test has a strong association with the reduced treatment delays among MDR-TB patients. This underscores that rapid molecular tests could help improve the health system and lead to prompt initiation of MDR-TB treatment. Therefore, expansion and decentralization of GeneXpert tests to peripheral health facilities are highly recommended. In turn, the case detection and control of the disease will be hastened.
Details
- Title
- The Role of GeneXpert MTB/RIF in Reducing Treatment Delay Among Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
- Authors/Creators
- Koku Tamirat - University of GondarFentahun Bikale Kebede - Ethiopian Public Health InstituteAdhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki - University of GondarTemesgen Yihunie Akalu - University of Gondar
- Publication Details
- Infection and drug resistance, Vol.15, pp.285-294
- Publisher
- Dove Medical Press Ltd
- Number of pages
- 10
- Identifiers
- 991005910760907891
- Copyright
- © 2022 The Author(s).
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Ngangk Yira Institute for Change
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.194 Tuberculosis & Leprosy
- 1.194.273 TB Diagnostics & Treatment
- Web Of Science research areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy
- ESI research areas
- Immunology