Time-resolved Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Molecular Signatures of Fusarium proliferatum DSM106835-induced sudden decline syndrome in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Gouthaman P Purayil; Khaled A El-Tarabily; Frank M You; Synan F AbuQamar

doi:10.1093/jxb/eraf540

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Time-resolved Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Molecular Signatures of Fusarium proliferatum DSM106835-induced sudden decline syndrome in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Journal article

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Time-resolved Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Molecular Signatures of Fusarium proliferatum DSM106835-induced sudden decline syndrome in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Gouthaman P Purayil, Khaled A El-Tarabily, Frank M You and Synan F AbuQamar

Journal of experimental botany, eraf540

2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf540

PMID: 41400287

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Abstract

hormone signaling

RNA-seq

Date palm

Co-expression networks

Fusarium proliferatum

plant immunity

MAPK signaling

The strategic Middle Eastern crop date palm is severely threatened by Fusarium proliferatum DSM106835 (Fp), the fungus causing sudden decline syndrome (SDS). To decipher the molecular basis of this interaction, we performed a time-series RNA-Seq analysis to elucidate the dynamic transcriptomic responses in date palm roots and shoots to Fp infection at 4, 8, and 16 days post-infection (dpi). Thousands of genes showed altered expression, increasing dramatically over time: 4,062/2,741 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in roots/shoots at 4 dpi, rising to 10,670/4,781 at 8 dpi, and 19,092/8,570 by 16 dpi. The infection activated core defense pathways, including pathogen-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), and key responses involved reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, cell wall remodeling, impaired photosynthesis, and reprogramming of hormone signaling pathways for ethylene (ET), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA). changes occurred in primary and secondary metabolism, covering carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, and phenylpropanoids. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified tissue-specific gene modules and critical hub genes associated with Fp responses. This comprehensive analysis provides novel insights into date palm defense mechanisms against Fp infection. The identified key pathways and genes form a crucial foundation for targeted breeding or biocontrol strategies to enhance resistance against SDS.

Details

Title: Time-resolved Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Molecular Signatures of Fusarium proliferatum DSM106835-induced sudden decline syndrome in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Authors/Creators: Gouthaman P Purayil - United Arab Emirates University
Khaled A El-Tarabily - United Arab Emirates University
Frank M You - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Synan F AbuQamar - United Arab Emirates University
Publication Details: Journal of experimental botany, eraf540
Publisher: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.
Identifiers: 991005840054607891
Murdoch Affiliation: Centre for Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Sustainability
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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