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Published (Version of Record)CC BY-NC V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Time to Abolish the Forced Swim Test in Rats for Depression Research?
Journal of applied animal ethics research, Vol.4(2), pp.1-9
2021
Abstract
The forced swim test (FST) is a controversial rodent test that has been used for decades, mainly in depression studies. The severity of the procedure makes it ethically questionable and its validity has also been questioned. In this paper we contribute new data to this debate. We identified original research papers related to Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), using rats as models. We compared the citations received by studies that used the FST and by studies that did not, within subsequent human medical papers. The results show that the number of citations received by both groups was very low, but in the papers describing the FST data the median citation number was zero. Citation analysis indicates that the FST is not contributing significantly to the understanding or cure of MDD. We briefly review other approaches that overcome the ethical limitations of the FST, and which might also surpass its efficacy.
Details
- Title
- Time to Abolish the Forced Swim Test in Rats for Depression Research?
- Authors/Creators
- Constança Carvalho - University of LisbonKathrin Herrmann - Johns Hopkins UniversityTiago A. Marques - University of St AndrewsAndrew Knight - University of Winchester
- Publication Details
- Journal of applied animal ethics research, Vol.4(2), pp.1-9
- Identifiers
- 991005694576107891
- Copyright
- © Constança Carvalho et al 2021
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Veterinary Medicine
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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