Journal article
Towards a reformulated theory underlying schema therapy: Position paper of an international workgroup
Cognitive Therapy and Research
2021
Abstract
Background
A central construct in Schema Therapy (ST) is that of a schema mode, describing the current emotional-cognitive-behavioral state. Initially, 10 modes were described. Over time, with the world-wide increasing and broader application of ST to various disorders, additional schema modes were identified, mainly based on clinical impressions. Thus, the need for a new, theoretically based, cross-cultural taxonomy of modes emerged.
Methods
An international workgroup started from scratch to identify an extensive taxonomy of modes, based on (a) extending the theory underlying ST with new insights on needs, and (b) recent research on ST theory supporting that modes represent combinations of activated schemas and coping.
Results
We propose to add two emotional needs to the original five core needs that theoretically underpin the development of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), i.e., the need for Self-Coherence, and the need for Fairness, leading to three new EMSs, i.e. Lack of a Coherent Identity, Lack of a Meaningful World, and Unfairness. When rethinking the purpose behind the different ways of coping with EMS-activation, we came up with new labels for two of those: Resignation instead of Surrender, and Inversion instead of Overcompensation. By systematically combining EMSs and ways of coping we derived a set of schema modes that can be empirically tested.
Conclusions
With this project, we hope to contribute to the further development of ST and its application across the world.
Details
- Title
- Towards a reformulated theory underlying schema therapy: Position paper of an international workgroup
- Authors/Creators
- A. Arntz (Author/Creator) - University of AmsterdamM. Rijkeboer (Author/Creator) - Maastricht UniversityE. Chan (Author/Creator) - IMU UniversityE. Fassbinder (Author/Creator) - University of LübeckA. Karaosmanoglu (Author/Creator) - Psikonet, Psychotherapy and Training Center, Istanbul, TurkeyC.W. Lee (Author/Creator) - Murdoch UniversityM. Panzeri (Author/Creator) - University of Padua
- Publication Details
- Cognitive Therapy and Research
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Identifiers
- 991005544063507891
- Copyright
- © 2021 The Authors.
- Murdoch Affiliation
- School of Allied Health
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.21 Psychiatry
- 1.21.1431 Borderline Personality Disorder
- Web Of Science research areas
- Psychology, Clinical
- ESI research areas
- Psychiatry/Psychology