Treatment approaches to horses with acute diarrhea admitted to referral institutions: A multicenter retrospective study

Diego E Gomez; Jamie J Kopper; David P Byrne; David L Renaud; Angelika Schoster; Bettina Dunkel; Luis G Arroyo; Anna Mykkanen; William F Gilsenan; Tina H Pihl; Gabriela Lopez-Navarro; Brett S Tennent-Brown; Laura D Hostnik; Mariano Mora-Pereira; Fernando Marques; Jenifer R Gold; Sally L DeNotta; Isabelle Desjardins; Allison J Stewart; Emily Schaefer; Taisuke Kuroda; Olimpo J Oliver-Espinosa; Gustavo Ferlini Agne; Benjamin Uberti; Pablo Veiras; Katie M Delph Miller; Rodolfo Gialleti; Emily John; Ramiro E Toribio

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0313783

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Treatment approaches to horses with acute diarrhea admitted to referral institutions: A multicenter retrospective study

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Treatment approaches to horses with acute diarrhea admitted to referral institutions: A multicenter retrospective study

Diego E Gomez, Jamie J Kopper, David P Byrne, David L Renaud, Angelika Schoster, Bettina Dunkel, Luis G Arroyo, Anna Mykkanen, William F Gilsenan, Tina H Pihl, …

PloS one, Vol.19(11), e0313783

2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313783

PMID: 39565809

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Abstract

Acute Disease

Animals

Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use

Diarrhea - drug therapy

Diarrhea - therapy

Diarrhea - veterinary

Female

Fluid Therapy - methods

Horse Diseases - drug therapy

Horse Diseases - therapy

Horses

Male

Probiotics - therapeutic use

Referral and Consultation

Retrospective Studies

Background This study aimed to describe and compare therapeutic approaches for horses with acute diarrhea in different geographic regions worldwide. Methods Clinical information was retrospectively collected from diarrheic horses presented to participating institutions between 2016 and 2020, including fluid therapy on admission, antimicrobial drugs, probiotics, anti-endotoxic medications, anti-inflammatory drugs, gastroprotectants, digital cryotherapy, and toxin-binding agents. Seasonal and geographic differences were investigated. Results 1438 horses from 26 participating hospitals from 5 continents were included. On admission, 65% (926/1419) of horses were administered a fluid bolus. Antimicrobial drugs were administered to 55% (792/1419) within the first 24 hours of admission, with penicillin and gentamicin being the most used combination (25%, 198/792). Horses with leukopenia (OR: 2.264, 95%CI: 1.754 to 2.921; P<0.001) or meeting systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (OR: 2.542, 95%CI: 1.919 to 3.368; P<0.001) had higher odds of being administered antimicrobial drugs. Other treatments administered included probiotics (15%, 215/1438), polymyxin B (13%; 187/1438), pentoxifylline (8%; 118/1438), gastroprotectants (44%; 626/1419), digital cryotherapy (34%; 489/1435), plasma transfusion (13%; 182/1410) and toxin-binding agents (36%; 515/1438). Limitations Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the rationale for treatment decisions was unavailable, and associations with survival could not be evaluated. Conclusions Treatments varied between hospitals from different geographic regions. Prospective clinical trials are required to evaluate the effects of various treatments on survival.

Details

Title: Treatment approaches to horses with acute diarrhea admitted to referral institutions: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors/Creators: Diego E Gomez - University of Guelph
Jamie J Kopper - Iowa State University
David P Byrne - School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
David L Renaud - University of Guelph
Angelika Schoster - University of Zurich
Bettina Dunkel - Royal Veterinary College
Luis G Arroyo - University of Guelph
Anna Mykkanen - University of Helsinki
William F Gilsenan - Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital
Tina H Pihl - University of Copenhagen
Gabriela Lopez-Navarro - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Brett S Tennent-Brown - The University of Melbourne
Laura D Hostnik - The Ohio State University
Mariano Mora-Pereira - Auburn University
Fernando Marques - University of Wisconsin–Madison
Jenifer R Gold - Washington State University
Sally L DeNotta - University of Florida
Isabelle Desjardins - VetAgro Sup
Allison J Stewart - The University of Queensland
Emily Schaefer - Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center
Taisuke Kuroda - Japan Racing Association
Olimpo J Oliver-Espinosa - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Gustavo Ferlini Agne - The University of Adelaide
Benjamin Uberti - Austral University of Chile
Pablo Veiras - South Tipperary General Hospital
Katie M Delph Miller - Kansas State University
Rodolfo Gialleti - University of Perugia
Emily John - Atlantic University
Ramiro E Toribio - The Ohio State University
Publication Details: PloS one, Vol.19(11), e0313783
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Number of pages: 19
Identifiers: 991005720669807891
Murdoch Affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Citation topics: 6 Social Sciences; 6.317 Risk Assessment; 6.317.2518 Sustainable Development
Web Of Science research areas: Veterinary Sciences
ESI research areas: Plant & Animal Science