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CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Upper-gastrointestinal tract metabolite profile regulates glycaemic and satiety responses to meals with contrasting structure: a pilot study
Nature metabolism, Vol.7, pp.1459-1475
2025
PMID: 40542296
Abstract
Dietary interventions to combat non-communicable diseases focus on optimizing food intake but overlook the influence of food structure. Here, we investigate how food structure influences digestion. In a randomized crossover study, ten healthy participants were fitted with nasoenteric tubes that allow simultaneous gastric and duodenal sampling, before consuming iso-nutrient chickpea meals with contrasting cellular structures. The primary outcome is gut hormone response. Secondary outcomes are intestinal content analysis, blood glucose and insulin response, subjective appetite changes and ad libitum energy intake. We show that the 'Broken' and 'Intact' cell structures of meals result in different digestive and metabolomic profiles, leading to distinct postprandial gut hormones, glycaemia and satiety responses. 'Broken' meal structure elicits higher glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 and blood glycaemia, driven by high starch digestibility and a sharp rise in gastric maltose within 30 min. 'Intact' meal structure produces a prolonged release of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide-YY, elevated duodenal amino acids and undigested starch at 120 min. This work highlights how food structure alters upper gastrointestinal nutrient-sensing hormones, providing insights into the adverse effects of modern diets on obesity and type 2 diabetes. ISRCTN registration: ISRCTN18097249.
Details
- Title
- Upper-gastrointestinal tract metabolite profile regulates glycaemic and satiety responses to meals with contrasting structure: a pilot study
- Authors/Creators
- Mingzhu Cai - Hammersmith HospitalShilpa Tejpal - Hammersmith HospitalMartina Tashkova - Hammersmith HospitalPeter Ryden - Quadram InstituteNatalia Perez-Moral - Quadram InstituteShikha Saha - Quadram InstituteIsabel Garcia-Perez - Imperial College LondonJose Ivan Serrano Contreras - FacultyJulien Wist - Murdoch University, Centre for Computational and Systems MedicineElaine Holmes - University of LondonAndres Bernal - Universidad del ValleBowen Dou - Hammersmith HospitalGeorgia Franco Becker - Hammersmith HospitalGary Frost - Murdoch University, Centre for Computational and Systems MedicineCathrina Edwards - Quadram Institute
- Publication Details
- Nature metabolism, Vol.7, pp.1459-1475
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 29
- Grant note
- BBS/E/F/00044427 / RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) BBS/E/F/000PR10343 / RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) BB/R012512/1 / RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
- Identifiers
- 991005788074107891
- Copyright
- © The Author(s) 2025
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.26 Diabetes
- 1.26.831 GLP-1
- Web Of Science research areas
- Endocrinology & Metabolism
- ESI research areas
- Biology & Biochemistry